| UGC NET Syllabus (Paper-II) | Learn | Practice | External Resources |
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Section 1: Discrete Structures- Set Theory :
- Sets, Relations, Functions.
Pigeonhole Principle, Inclusion-Exclusion Principle,
Equivalence and Partial Orderings - Elementary Counting Techniques, Probability.
Measure(s) for information and Mutual information
- Group Theory :
- Finite fields and Error correcting / detecting codes
- Graph Theory :
- Definition, walks, paths, trails,
connected graphs, regular and bipartite graphs,
cycles and circuits - Tree and rooted tree. Spanning trees
- Eccentricity of a vertex radius and
diameter of a graph. Central Graphs.
Centre(s) of a tree - Hamiltonian and Eulerian graphs,
Planar graphs
- Comptutability :
- Models of computation-Finite Automata,
Pushdown Automata - Non – determinism and NFA, DPDA and PDAs and
Languages accepted by these structures - Grammars, Languages, Non – computability and
Examples of non – computable problems.
| - Set Theory :
- Group Theory :
- Graph Theory :
- Comptutability :
| - Set Theory :
- Group Theory :
- Graph Theory :
- Comptutability :
| Discrete Structures : |
Section 2: Data and File Structures- Data Structures :
- Data, Information,
Definition of data structure.
Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists,
trees, graphs, priority queues and heaps
- File Structures :
- Fields, records and files.
Sequential, direct, index-sequential
and relative files.
Hashing, inverted lists and multi – lists.
B trees and B+ trees
| - Data Structures :
- File Structures :
| - Data Structures :
- File Structures :
| - Data Structures :
- File Structures :
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Section 3: Programming in C and C++- Programming in C :
- Elements of C – Tokens, identifiers,
data types in C - Control structures in C.
Sequence, selection and iteration(s) - Structured data types in C-arrays,
struct, union, string, and pointers
- O – O Programming Concepts :
- Class, object, instantiation
- Inheritance, polymorphism and overloading
- C++ Programming :
- Elements of C++ – Tokens, identifiers
- Variables and constants, Datatypes,
Operators, Control statements - Functions parameter passing.
Class and objects.
Constructors and destructors - Overloading, Inheritance, Templates,
Exception handling
| - Programming in C :
- O – O Programming Concepts :
- C++ Programming :
| - Programming in C :
- O – O Programming Concepts :
- C++ Programming :
| Programming in C and C++ : |
Section 4: Operating Systems (with Case Study of Unix)- Main functions of operating systems
Multiprogramming, multiprocessing,
and multitasking - Memory Management: Virtual memory,
paging, fragmentation - Concurrent Processing: Mutual exclusion.
Critical regions, lock and unlock - Scheduling: CPU scheduling,
I / O scheduling, Resource scheduling.
Deadlock and scheduling algorithms.
Banker’s algorithm for deadlock handling
UNIX: - The Unix System: File system,
process management, bourne shell,
shell variables, command line programming - Filters and Commands: Pr, head,
tail, cut, paste, sort, uniq, tr, join, etc.,
grep, egrep, fgrep, etc., sed, awk, etc. - System Calls (like): Creat, open,
close, read, write, iseek, link, unlink,
stat, fstat, umask, chmod, exec, fork,
wait, system
| - Introduction :
- CPU Scheduling :
- Concurrent Processing :
- Deadlock :
- Memory Management :
- Unix :
| - Introduction :
- CPU Scheduling :
- Concurrent Processing :
- Deadlock :
- Memory Management :
- Unix :
| Operating Systems (with Case Study of Unix) : |
Section 5: Computer Networks- Network fundamentals :
- Local Area Networks (LAN),
Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), - Wide Area Networks (WAN),
Wireless Networks, Inter Networks
- Reference Models :
- The OSI model, TCP / IP model
- Data Communication :
- Channel capacity.
Transmission media-twisted pair,
coaxial cables, fibre – optic cables, - wireless transmission-radio,
microwave, infrared and millimeter waves.
Lightwave transmission. - Thelephones – local loop,
trunks, multiplexing, switching, - narrowband ISDN, broadband ISDN,
ATM, High speed LANS. Cellular Radio. - Communication satellites-geosynchronous
and low-orbit
- Internetworking :
- Switch / Hub, Bridge, Router, Gateways,
- Concatenated virtual circuits, Tunnelling,
Fragmentation, Firewalls
- Routing :
- Virtual circuits and datagrams.
- Routing algorithms. Congestion control
- Network Security :
- Cryptography-public key, secret key.
- Domain Name System (DNS) – Electronic Mail
and Worldwide Web (WWW). - The DNS, Resource Records, Name servers.
- E-mail-architecture and Serves
| - Network Fundamentals :
- Reference Models :
- Data Communication :
- Internetworking :
- Routing :
- Network Security :
| - Network Fundamentals :
- Reference Models :
- Data Communication :
- Internetworking :
- Routing :
- Network Security :
| Computer Networks : |
Section 6: Relational Database Design and SQL- ER Diagrams :
- E-R diagrams and
their transformation to relational design
- Normalization :
- Normalization – 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF and 4NF
- Limitations of 4NF and BCNF
- SQL :
- Data Definition Language (DDL),
Data Manipulation Language (DML),
Data Control Language (DCL) commands - Database objects like-Views,
indexes, sequences, synonyms, data dictionary
| - ER Diagrams :
- Normalization :
- SQL :
| - ER Diagrams :
- Normalization :
- SQL :
| Relational Database Design and SQL : |
Section 7: Computer Arithmetic- Prepositional and Predicate Logic :
- Propositional (Boolean) Logic,
Predicate Logic - Well – formed – formulae (WFF),
Satisfiability and Tautology
- Logic Families :
- TTL, ECL and C – MOS gates
- Boolean algebra
and Minimization of Boolean functions - Design of combinational
and sequential circuits - Flip-flops – types,
race condition and comparison
- Representation of Integers :
- Octal, Hex, Decimal, and Binary
- 2’s complement
and 1’s complement arithmetic - Floating point representation
| - Prepositional and Predicate Logic :
- Logic Families :
- Representation of Integers :
| - Prepositional and Predicate Logic :
- Logic Families :
- Representation of Integers :
| Computer Arithmetic : |
Section 8: System Software and Compilers- Assembly Language Fundamentals :
- Assembly language fundamentals
(8085 based assembly language programming) - Assemblers-2-pass and single-pass.
Macros and macroprocessors
- Loader and Linker :
- Loading, linking, relocation,
program relocatability. Linkage editing - Text editors. Programming Environments.
Debuggers and program generators
- Compiler and Basics :
- Compilation and Interpretation.
Bootstrap compilers - Phases of compilation process.
Lexical analysis.
Lex package on Unix system
- Parsing :
- Context free grammars.
Parsing and parse trees.
Representation of parse
(derivation) trees as rightmost
and leftmost derivations - Bottom up parsers-shift-reduce,
operator precedence, and LR.
YACC package on Unix system - Topdown parsers-left recursion
and its removal. Recursive descent parser.
Predictive parser
- Code Generation and Optimization :
- Intermediate codes-Quadruples, Triples,
Intermediate code generation,
Code generation - Code optimization
| - Assembly Language Fundamentals :
- Loader and Linker :
- Compiler and Basics :
- Parsing :
- Code Generation and Optimization :
| - Assembly Language Fundamentals :
- Loader and Linker :
- Compiler and Basics :
- Parsing :
- Code Generation and Optimization :
| System Software and Compilers : |
Section 9: Software Engineering- System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) :
- Steps, Water fall model,
Prototypes, Spiral model
- Software Metrics :
- Software Project Management
- Software Design :
- System design, detailed design,
function oriented design, object oriented design,
user interface design - Design level metrics
- Coding and Testing :
- Testing level metrics.
Software quality and reliability - Clean room approach,
software re engineering
| - System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) :
- Software Metrics :
- Software Design :
- Coding and Testing :
| - System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) :
- Software Metrics :
- Software Design :
- Coding and Testing :
| Software Engineering : |
Section 10: Current Trends and Technology- Parallel Computing :
- Parallel virtual machine (pvm)
and message passing interface (MPI)
libraries and calls - Advanced architectures.
Today’s fastest computers
- Mobile Computing :
- Mobile connectivity – Cells, Framework,
wireless delivery technology
and switching methods,
mobile information access devices,
mobile data internetworking standards,
cellular data communication protocols,
mobile computing applications - Mobile databases – protocols, scope,
tools and technology. M-business
- E – Technologies :
- Electronic Commerce – Framework,
Media Convergence of Applications,
Consumer Applications,
Organisation Applications - Electronic Payment Systems – Digital Token,
Smart Cards, Credit Cards,
Risks in Electronic Payment System,
Designing Electronic Payment Systems - Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) – Concepts,
Applications, (Legal, Security and Privacy) issues,
EDI and Electronic Commerce,
Standardization and EDI,
EDI Software Implementation,
EDI Envelope for Message Transport,
Internet – Based EDI - Digital Libraries and Data Warehousing – Concepts,
Types of Digital documents,
Issues behind document Infrastructure,
Corporate Data Warehouses - Software Agents – Characteristics
and Properties of Agents,
Technology behind Software Agents
(Applets, Browsers and Software Agents) - Broadband Telecommunications – Concepts,
Frame Relay, Cell Relay,
Switched Multimegabit Data Service,
Asynchronous Transfer Mode.
Main concepts in Geographical Information System (GIS),
E – cash, E – Business, ERP packages - Data Warehousing – Data Warehouse environment,
architecture of a data warehouse methodology,
analysis, design, construction and administration - Data Mining – Extracting models
and patterns from large databases,
data mining techniques, classification,
regression, clustering, summarization,
dependency modelling, link analysis,
sequencing analysis,
mining scientific and business data
- Windows Programming :
- Introduction to Windows programming – Win32,
Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC),
Documents and views,
Resources, Message handling in windows - Simple Applications (in windows) – Scrolling,
splitting views, docking toolbars,
status bars, common dialogs - Advanced Windows Programming – Multiple
Document Interface (MDI), Multithreading.
Object linking and Embedding (OLE).
Active X controls. Active Template Library (ATL).
Network programming
| - Parallel Computing :
- Mobile Computing :
- E – Technologies :
- Windows Programming :
| - Parallel Computing :
- Mobile Computing :
- E – Technologies :
- Windows Programming :
| Current Trends and Technology : |
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