Calculate the Discriminant Value

In algebra, Discriminant helps us in deducing various properties of the roots of a polynomial or polynomial function without even computing them. Let’s look at this general quadratic polynomial of degree two:

ax² + bx + c

Here the discriminant of the equation is calculated using the formula:

b² – 4ac

Now we can deduce the following properties:

If the discriminant is equal to zero then the polynomial has equal roots i.e., a=b.
If the discriminant is positive and the coefficients are real, then the polynomial has two real roots.

Here are few conditions that we must keep in mind while programming and making deductions from the discriminant:

If the discriminant is equal to zero then one solution is possible.
If the discriminant is positive then two solutions are possible.
If the discriminant is negative then no real solutions are possible.

Examples:

Input:
a = 20
b = 30
c = 10
Explanation:
(30**2) - (4*20*10) 
Output:
Discriminant is 100 which is positive
Hence Two solutions

Input:
a = 9
b = 7
c = 12
Explanation:
(30**2) - (4*20*10) 
Output:
Discriminant is -383 which is negative
Hence no real solutions

Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

// CPP program to calculate Discriminant 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
  
using namespace std; 
  
void discriminant(int a, int b, int c){ 
  
    int discriminant = (b*b) - (4*a*c); 
    if(discriminant > 0){ 
        cout<<"Discriminant is "<<discriminant 
            <<" which is Positive"<<endl; 
              
        cout<<"Hence Two Solutions"; 
    } 
    else if(discriminant == 0){ 
        cout<<"Discriminant is "<<discriminant 
            <<" which is Zero"<<endl; 
              
        cout<<"Hence One Solution"; 
    } 
    else if(discriminant < 0){ 
        cout<<"Discriminant is "<<discriminant 
            <<" which is Negative"<<endl; 
              
        cout<<"Hence No Real Solutions"; 
    } 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
int main(){ 
    int a = 20, b = 30, c = 10; 
  
    // function call to print discriminant 
    discriminant(a, b, c); 
    return 0; 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by 
// Sanjit_Prasad 

Java

// Java program to calculate discriminant 
public class Discriminant{ 
      
    // function to calculate discriminant 
    static int disc(int a, int b, int c){ 
        int dis = (int)Math.pow(b,2) - (4*a*c); 
        return dis; 
    } 
  
    // Driver Code 
    public static void main(String args[]){ 
        int a=20; 
        int b=30; 
        int c=10; 
        int discriminant = disc(a, b, c); 
        if (discriminant > 0){ 
            System.out.println("Discriminant is " + discriminant  
                    + " which is Positive"); 
            System.out.println("Hence Two Solutions"); 
        } 
        else if (discriminant == 0){ 
            System.out.println("Discriminant is " + discriminant 
                    + " which is Zero"); 
            System.out.println("Hence One Solution"); 
        } 
        else { 
            System.out.println("Discriminant is "+ discriminant  
                    + " which is Negative"); 
            System.out.println("Hence No Real Solutions"); 
        } 
    } 
} 

Python3

# Python program to calculate Discriminant 
  
def discriminant(a, b, c): 
  
    discriminant = (b**2) - (4*a*c) 
    if discriminant > 0: 
          
        print('Discriminant is', discriminant, 
                "which is Positive") 
                  
        print('Hence Two Solutions') 
          
    elif discriminant == 0: 
          
        print('Discriminant is', discriminant,  
                "which is Zero") 
                  
        print('Hence One Solution') 
          
    elif discriminant < 0: 
          
        print('Discriminant is', discriminant,  
                "which is Negative") 
                  
        print('Hence No Real Solutions') 
  
# Driver Code 
a = 20
b = 30
c = 10
discriminant(a, b, c) 

C#

// C# program to calculate 
// discriminant 
using System; 
  
class GFG 
{ 
  
// function to calculate 
// discriminant 
static int disc(int a,  
                int b, int c) 
{ 
    int dis = (int)Math.Pow(b, 2) -  
                    (4 * a * c); 
    return dis; 
} 
      
// Driver Code 
public static void Main() 
{ 
    int a = 20; 
    int b = 30; 
    int c = 10; 
    int discriminant = disc(a, b, c); 
    if (discriminant > 0) 
    { 
        Console.WriteLine("Discriminant is " +  
                                discriminant +  
                        " which is Positive"); 
        Console.WriteLine("Hence Two Solutions"); 
    } 
      
    else if (discriminant == 0) 
    { 
        Console.WriteLine("Discriminant is " +  
                                discriminant +  
                            " which is Zero"); 
        Console.WriteLine("Hence One Solution"); 
    } 
      
    else
    { 
        Console.WriteLine("Discriminant is "+  
                            discriminant +  
                    " which is Negative"); 
        Console.WriteLine("Hence No Real Solutions"); 
    } 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed 
// by anuj_67. 

PHP

<?php 
// PHP program to calculate Discriminant 
  
function discriminant($a, $b, $c) 
{ 
      
    $discriminant = ($b * $b) - (4 * $a * $c); 
    if($discriminant > 0) 
    { 
        echo "Discriminant is ", $discriminant,  
             " which is Positive\n"; 
        echo "Henco Two Solutions"; 
    } 
      
    else if($discriminant == 0) 
    {  
        echo "Discriminant is ", $discriminant,  
             " which is Zero\n";  
        echo "Hence One Solution";  
    }  
      
    else if($discriminant < 0) 
    {  
        echo "Discriminant is ", $discriminant,  
             " which is Negative\n";  
              
        echo "Hence No Real Solutions";  
    }  
} 
  
// Driver code 
$a = 20; 
$b = 30; 
$c = 10; 
  
// function call to print discriminant 
discriminant($a, $b, $c); 
  
// This code is contributed  
// by Shashank_Sharma 
?> 

Output:

Discriminant is 100 which is Positive
Hence Two Solutions

This article is contributed by Chinmoy Lenka. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.

My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

Java

Python3

C#

PHP

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