How to create an empty class in Python?

A class is a user-defined blueprint or prototype from which objects are created. Class can be considered as a user-defined data type. Generally, a class contains data members known as attributes of the class and member functions that are used to modify the attributes of the class. But have you ever wondered how to define an empty class i.e a class without members and member functions?

In Python, if we write something like the following, it would raise a SyntaxError.

# Incorrect empty class in
# Python

class Geeks:

Output:

  File "gfg.py", line 5

                ^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing

In Python, to write an empty class pass statement is used. pass is a special statement in Python that does nothing. It only works as a dummy statement. However, objects of an empty class can also be created.

Example:

# Python program to demonstrate
# empty class

class Geeks:
    pass

# Driver's code
obj = Geeks()

print(obj)

Output:

<__main__.Geeks object at 0x02B4A340>

Python also allows us to set the attributes of an object of an empty class. We can also set different attributes for different objects. See the following example for better understanding.

# Python program to demonstrate
# empty class


class Employee:
    pass


# Driver's code
# Object 1 details
obj1 = Employee()
obj1.name = 'Nikhil'
obj1.office = 'GeeksforGeeks'

# Object 2 details
obj2 = Employee()
obj2.name = 'Abhinav'
obj2.office = 'GeeksforGeeks'
obj2.phone = 1234567889


# Printing details
print("obj1 Details:")
print("Name:", obj1.name)
print("Office:", obj1.office)
print()

print("obj2 Details:")
print("Name:", obj2.name)
print("Office:", obj2.office)
print("Phone:", obj2.phone)


# Uncommenting this print("Phone:", obj1.phone)
# will raise an AttributeError

Output:

obj1 Details:
Name: Nikhil
Office: GeeksforGeeks

obj2 Details:
Name: Abhinav
Office: GeeksforGeeks
Phone: 1234567889

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "gfg.py", line 34, in 
    print("Phone:", obj1.phone)
AttributeError: 'Employee' object has no attribute 'phone'