Check if binary representation of a number is palindrome

Difficulty Level : Easy
Last Updated : 15 Apr, 2021

Given an integer ‘x’, write a C function that returns true if binary representation of x is palindrome else return false.
For example a numbers with binary representation as 10..01 is palindrome and number with binary representation as 10..00 is not palindrome.
The idea is similar to checking a string is palindrome or not. We start from leftmost and rightmost bits and compare bits one by one. If we find a mismatch, then return false.

Algorithm:
isPalindrome(x)
1) Find number of bits in x using sizeof() operator.
2) Initialize left and right positions as 1 and n respectively.
3) Do following while left ‘l’ is smaller than right ‘r’.
..…..a) If bit at position ‘l’ is not same as bit at position ‘r’, then return false.
..…..b) Increment ‘l’ and decrement ‘r’, i.e., do l++ and r–-.
4) If we reach here, it means we didn’t find a mismatching bit.
To find the bit at a given position, we can use the idea similar to this post. The expression “x & (1 << (k-1))” gives us non-zero value if bit at k’th position from right is set and gives a zero value if if k’th bit is not set.

Following is the implementation of the above algorithm.

C++

// C++ Program to Check if binary representation
// of a number is palindrome
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// This function returns true if k'th bit in x
// is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
// and k is 2, then it returns true
bool isKthBitSet(unsigned int x, unsigned int k)
{
    return (x & (1 << (k - 1))) ? true : false;
}
 
// This function returns true if binary
// representation of x is palindrome.
// For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
bool isPalindrome(unsigned int x)
{
    int l = 1; // Initialize left position
    int r = sizeof(unsigned int) * 8; // initialize right position
 
    // One by one compare bits
    while (l < r)
    {
        if (isKthBitSet(x, l) != isKthBitSet(x, r))
            return false;
        l++; r--;
    }
    return true;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    unsigned int x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16;
    cout << isPalindrome(x) << endl;
    x = 1 << 31 + 1;
    cout << isPalindrome(x) << endl;
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java Program to Check if binary representation
// of a number is palindrome
class GFG
{
 
    // This function returns true if k'th bit in x
    // is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
    // and k is 2, then it returns true
    static int isKthBitSet(long x, long k)
    {
        int rslt = ((x & (1 << (k - 1))) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
        return rslt;
    }
     
    // This function returns true if binary
    // representation of x is palindrome.
    // For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
    static int isPalindrome( long x)
    {
        long l = 1; // Initialize left position
        long r = (Integer.SIZE/8 )* 8; // initialize right position
     
        // One by one compare bits
        while (l < r)
        {
            if (isKthBitSet(x, l) != isKthBitSet(x, r))
            {
                return 0;
            }
            l++; r--;
        }
        return 1;
    }
     
    // Driver Code
    public static void main (String[] args)
    {
        long x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16 ;
        System.out.println(isPalindrome(x));
         
        x = (1 << 31) + 1 ;
        System.out.println(isPalindrome(x));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by AnkitRai01

Python3

# python 3 Program to Check if binary representation
# of a number is palindrome
import sys
# This function returns true if k'th bit in x
# is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
# and k is 2, then it returns true
def isKthBitSet(x, k):
    if ((x & (1 << (k - 1))) !=0):
        return True
    else:
        return False
 
# This function returns true if binary
# representation of x is palindrome.
# For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
def isPalindrome(x):
    l = 1 # Initialize left position
    r = 2 * 8 # initialize right position
 
    # One by one compare bits
    while (l < r):
        if (isKthBitSet(x, l) != isKthBitSet(x, r)):
            return False
        l += 1
        r -= 1
     
    return True
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ =='__main__':
    x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16
    print(int(isPalindrome(x)))
    x = 1 << 31 + 1
    print(int(isPalindrome(x)))
 
# This code is contributed by
# Surendra_Gangwar

C#

// C# Program to Check if binary representation
// of a number is palindrome
using System;
 
class GFG
{
 
    // This function returns true if k'th bit in x
    // is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
    // and k is 2, then it returns true
    static int isKthBitSet(long x, long k)
    {
        int rslt = ((x & (1 << (int)(k - 1))) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
        return rslt;
    }
     
    // This function returns true if binary
    // representation of x is palindrome.
    // For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
    static int isPalindrome( long x)
    {
        long l = 1; // Initialize left position
        long r = 4 * 8; // initialize right position
     
        // One by one compare bits
        while (l < r)
        {
            if (isKthBitSet(x, l) != isKthBitSet(x, r))
            {
                return 0;
            }
            l++; r--;
        }
        return 1;
    }
     
    // Driver Code
    public static void Main ()
    {
        long x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16 ;
        Console.WriteLine(isPalindrome(x));
         
        x = (1 << 31) + 1 ;
        Console.WriteLine(isPalindrome(x));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by AnkitRai01

PHP

<?php
// PHP Program to Check if binary representation
// of a number is palindrome
 
// This function returns true if k'th bit in x
// is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
// and k is 2, then it returns true
function isKthBitSet($x, $k)
{
    return ($x & (1 << ($k - 1))) ? true : false;
}
 
// This function returns true if binary
// representation of x is palindrome.
// For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
function isPalindrome($x)
{
    $l = 1; // Initialize left position
    $r = sizeof(4) * 8; // initialize right position
 
    // One by one compare bits
    while ($l < $r)
    {
        if (isKthBitSet($x, $l) != isKthBitSet($x, $r))
            return false;
        $l++;
        $r--;
    }
    return true;
}
 
// Driver Code
$x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16;
echo isPalindrome($x), "\n";
$x = 1 << 31 + 1;
echo isPalindrome($x), "\n";
 
// This code is contributed by ajit.
?>

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript program to Check if binary
// representation of a number is palindrome
 
// This function returns true if k'th bit in x
// is set (or 1). For example if x (0010) is 2
// and k is 2, then it returns true
function isKthBitSet(x, k)
{
    let rslt = ((x & (1 << (k - 1))) != 0) ? 1 : 0;
    return rslt;
}
   
// This function returns true if binary
// representation of x is palindrome.
// For example (1000...001) is paldindrome
function isPalindrome(x)
{
     
    // Initialize left position
    let l = 1;
     
    // initialize right position
    let r = 4 * 8;
   
    // One by one compare bits
    while (l < r)
    {
        if (isKthBitSet(x, l) !=
            isKthBitSet(x, r))
        {
            return 0;
        }
        l++; r--;
    }
    return 1;
}
 
// Driver code
let x = 1 << 15 + 1 << 16;
document.write(isPalindrome(x) + "</br>");
 
x = (1 << 31) + 1;
document.write(isPalindrome(x));
 
// This code is contributed by divyesh072019
 
</script>

Output:

1
1

This article is contributed by Saurabh Gupta. Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.

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