NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 – How Do Organisms Reproduce?

How Do Organisms Reproduce Chapter 7: *As per the revised curriculum of CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter, previously known as Chapter 8, has now been renumbered as Chapter 7. Stay updated with the latest changes in the curriculum.

How do organisms reproduce? Class 10 NCERT Solution is all about the reproduction process by different organisms. These NCERT Solutions are prepared by our Top Biology Experts in order to take care of all Important Topics that might be asked in the upcoming examination 2023. So, Students can also refer to these solutions for their final Examination preparation.

This Class 10 Biology Chapter 7 How do organisms reproduce? NCERT Solutions are carefully developed using easy-to-understand language while adhering to the guidelines for solving NCERT Solutions for Class 10. Working through these solutions can be highly beneficial for students in their board exams, as well as in preparing for future competitive Exams.

How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Question and Answers

NCERT CBSE Chapter 07 How do organisms reproduce? Class 10 explains how all living organisms reproduce to maintain the continuity of life. It also lays emphasis on the fact that reproduction ensures the continuity of genes over the next generations and also introduces new gene variations, which is crucial for the survival of organisms over a long period & it is an important process for the existence of life on Earth. The chapter further explains various types & modes of Reproduction. Revise through the basic concepts of How do organisms Reproduce? for quick revision and class notes.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 07 of Page 114

Q1: What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

Answer:

The process of DNA copying helps in the inheritance process by the transfer of genetic material from one generation to another. Therefore, it is required for the growth, repair, and regeneration of tissues in living organisms.

Q2: Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

Answer:

Variation is beneficial to the species because:

• They enable the organisms to adapt themselves to changing environments.
• Variations form the basis of heredity.

For e.g., If the water temperature increases suddenly, most of the bacteria in that water would die. Only a few variants that are heat resistant would be able to survive. So, in case of the absence of heat-resistant bacteria, entire species of bacteria would have been destroyed. Hence, variation is necessary for the species.

On the other hand, the individual does not get time to evolve because of changes in the external environment. The only thing that one notices is cellular aging. This is why variation is beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individuals.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 07 of Page 119

Q1: How does binary fission differ from multiple fission?

Answer:

Binary Fission	Multiple Fission
Produces two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.	Produces multiple daughter cells from a single parent cell.
The parent cell divides its genetic material and divides into two identical daughter cells.	Parent cell undergoes multiple rounds of Cell Division to produce multiple daughter cells.
Occurs when the parent cell has grown large enough to divide	Occurs in response to specific environmental cues or signals.
Produces two identical daughter cells	Can produce many daughter cells, sometimes dozens or hundreds.
Observed in bacteria and some protozoa	Observed in some algae and parasites like Plasmodium.

Q2: How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?

Answer

When an organism reproduces through spores:

• The organism does not need male and female reproductive organs.
• Organisms do not waste their energy unnecessarily in producing male and female gametes.
• Large numbers of spores are produced in one sporangium.
• Spores do not require any medium for dispersal.

Q3: Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through regeneration?

Answer: 

Complex multicellular organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through regeneration because the tissue and specialized cell make up the organs in the body. Due to this high degree of specialization, multicellular organisms cannot reproduce by regeneration.

Q4: Why is vegetative propagation practiced for growing some types of plants?

Answer:

Vegetative propagation is practiced for growing some types of plants because of the following reasons:

1. It helps in the preservation of characters of the plants through successive generations.
2. Through vegetative reproduction, seedless plants can be grown by cutting and grafting methods. Flowers and fruits can be grown in a shorter time.
3. It is a cheaper, easier, and more rapid method of plant propagation.

Q5: Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?

Answer:

The process of DNA copying helps in the inheritance process by the transfer of genetic material from one generation to another. Therefore, it is required for the growth, repair, and regeneration of tissues in living organisms.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 07 of Page 126

Q1: How is the process of pollination different from fertilization?

Answer:

• Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.
• Fertilization is a complex multi-step process that is complete in 24 hours. The sperm from a male meets an ovum from a female and forms a zygote.

Q2: What is the role of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland?

Answer:

• Seminal Vesicles: Seminal vesicles produce fluids that turn into semen. Muscles in seminal vesicles contract to move seminal fluid and sperm into the urethra and out through the penis.
• Prostate Gland: The role of the Prostate gland is the production of a fluid that, together with sperm cells from the testicles and fluids from other glands, makes up semen.

Q3: What are the changes seen in girls at the time of puberty?

Answer:

Following changes can be seen in girls at the time of puberty:

1. In girls, the first puberty change is the development of breast buds.
2. There may be an increase in hair growth. This will happen not only in the pubic area but also under the arms and on the legs.
3. Body shape will also begin to change. There may be an increase not only in height and weight, but the hips may get wider as well.
4. Ovaries also begin to release mature eggs (Menstruation starts).

Q4: How does the embryo get nourishment inside the mother’s body?

Answer:

The embryo receives nourishment from the mother via a tissue called the placenta. Placenta connects the embryo to the uterine cavity of the mother via the umbilical cord. The placenta contains villi on the side exposed to the embryo and the mother’s blood vessels surround the villi.

Q5: If a woman is using a copper -T, will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted diseases?

Answer:

Intra Uterine Devices like Copper – T do not protect against STDs. Consistent and correct use of condoms reduces the risk for STDs.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 07  Exercise Questions

Q1: Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in:

• a) Amoeba
• b) Yeast
• c) Plasmodium
• d) Leishmania

Answer:

Amoeba reproduces asexually through binary fission. Plasmodium reproduces in two ways: asexually and sexually. It’s a digenetic species, meaning it goes through its entire life cycle in two different hosts. The female anopheles mosquito is the principal host, and sexual reproduction occurs through the fusion of male and female gametocytes. Parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania are generally thought to multiply by binary fission.

So, the correct option is b) Yeast, which reproduces asexually through budding.

Q2: Which of the following is not a part of the female reproductive system in human beings?

• a) Ovary
• b) Uterus
• c) Vas deferens
• d) Fallopian tube

Answer:

Among the above-mentioned organs, Ovary, Uterus & Fallopian tubes belong to the female reproductive system. So, the correct option is c) Vas deferens. It is a coiled tube that carries the sperm out of the testes. Hence, it is a part of the male reproductive system.

Q3: The anther contains

• a) Sepals
• b) Ovules
• c) Carpel
• d) Pollen grains

Answer:

The anther contains d) pollen grains, which enter the ovary of the gynoecium and help in sexual reproduction in plants

Q4: What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Answer:

Advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction:

1. Produces genetic variation in the offspring.
2. The species can adapt to new environments due to variation, which gives them a survival advantage.
3. A disease is less likely to affect all the individuals in a population.

Q5: What are the functions performed by the testis in human beings?

Answer:

The Testis has the following three functions:

• It produces spermatozoa, the male gametes.
• It synthesizes testosterone, the major male sex hormone.
• It participates with the hypothalamus-pituitary unit in regulating reproductive function.

Q6: Why does menstruation occur?

Answer:

Menstruation is the monthly shedding of the lining of the uterus. Menstruation is also known by the terms menses, menstrual period, menstrual cycle, or period. Menstrual blood, which is partly blood and partly tissue from the inside of the uterus, flows from the uterus through the cervix and out of the body through the vagina.

Menstruation is driven by hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers in our bodies. The pituitary gland and ovaries make and release certain hormones at certain times during the menstrual cycle.

These hormones cause the lining of the uterus to thicken. This happens so that if a pregnancy would occur, an egg can implant into the uterine lining. Hormones also cause ovaries to release an egg (ovulation). The egg moves down the fallopian tubes, where it waits for sperm. If a sperm doesn’t fertilize that egg, pregnancy doesn’t occur. The lining of the uterus breaks down and sheds and this is Menstruation.

Q7: Draw a labeled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.

Answer:

• Peduncle: The stalk of a flower. 
• Receptacle: The part of a flower stalks where the parts of the flower are attached. 
• Sepal: The outer parts of the flower (often green and leaf-like) that enclose a developing bud. 
• Petal: The parts of a flower that are often conspicuously colored. 
• Stamen: The pollen-producing part of a flower, usually with a slender filament supporting the anther. 
• Anther: The part of the stamen where pollen is produced. 
• Pistil: The ovule-producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma. The mature ovary is a fruit, and the mature ovule is a seed. 
• Stigma: The part of the pistil where pollen germinates. 
• Ovary: The enlarged basal portion of the pistil where ovules are produced.

Q8: What are the different methods of contraception?

Answer:

Contraception, also known as Birth control is the use of medicines, devices, or surgery to prevent pregnancy. Different methods of contraception:

1. Intrauterine Method: An intrauterine device (IUD), also known as an intrauterine system (IUS), is a small, T-shaped device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Example: Hormonal IUD or IUS, Copper IUD.
2. Implants: Implants are implantable rods. Each rod is matchstick-sized, flexible, and plastic. The rod releases progestin and can remain implanted for up to 5 years.
3. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs, “the pill”): COCs contain synthetic estrogen and progestin, which function to inhibit ovulation. A woman takes one pill daily, preferably at the same time each day.
4. Condoms: This condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis to collect sperm and prevent it from entering the woman’s body.
5. Tubal ligation: It is a surgical procedure in which a doctor cuts, ties, or seals the fallopian tubes.
6. Vasectomy: It is a surgical procedure that cuts, closes, or blocks the vas deferens.

Q9: How are the modes of reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms?

Answer:

• Unicellular organisms reproduce by the division of the entire cell. The modes of reproduction in unicellular organisms are:
  Fission, budding.
• In multicellular organisms, specialized reproductive organs are present. Therefore, they can reproduce by complex reproductive methods: Vegetative propagation, spore formation, fragmentation, and regeneration.
• In more complex multicellular organisms such as human beings, the mode of reproduction is sexual reproduction where both parents are involved.

Q10: How does reproduction help in providing stability to populations of species?

Answer:

• Reproduction can be defined as the process by which new individuals of a particular species are formed on Earth. The stability of the population is ensured only when reproduction takes place.
• The natural cycle of life and death also removes a section of the population. Reproduction is a way to replenish the lost section.
• In reproduction, DNA passes from one generation to the next. Copying of DNA takes place with consistency. The consistency of DNA copying during reproduction is important for the maintenance of body design features that allow the organism to use that particular niche.

Q11: What could be the reasons for adopting contraceptive methods?

Answer:

Contraceptive methods are mainly adopted because of the following reasons:

1. To prevent unwanted pregnancies.
2. To control population rise or birth rate.
3. To prevent the transfer of STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases).

Key Features of NCERT Solutions Class 10 Biology Chapter 7 How do organisms Reproduce?

• They enhance the conceptual knowledge of the students.
• Clear and Comprehensible Content.
• Aid in Competitive Exam Preparation.
• The answers are provided by Top subject experts.
• Readily available and easily accessible.

FAQs on How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 NCERT Solution

Q1: What is the name of chapter 7 of NCERT Class 10 Biology?

Class 10 Biology Chapter 7 name is How do organisms Reproduce which explains all the important processes needed for living organisms.

Q2: Where can I find NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology Chapter 7?

NCERT solutions for Class 10 Biology Chapter 5 can be found on various online platforms such as the official NCERT website, GeeksForGeeks, and more.

Q3. What does the concept of Why do Organisms Reproduce entail in Chapter 7 of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science?

Organisms reproduce for various fundamental reasons that are essential for the continuation and survival of their species. Genetic Information passes from one to another generation which ensures that the species continues on the earth.

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