Carriage and Insurance Paid | Full Form of CIP, Features, Working and Benefits

What is CIP?

Insurance is an established trading practice, and ‘Carriage and Insurance Paid to’ (CIP) is when a seller pays freight and insurance to deliver products to a party appointed by the seller at a predetermined location. The buyer bears the risk of loss or damage to the transported goods as soon as the vendor delivers them to the carrier or designated person.” Carriage and Insurance Paid To” (CIP) is an international business term, also known as an Incoterm. It is used in international trade to describe who pays for what when goods are sent from a seller to a buyer. CIP is usually followed by a place or location name that shows where the obligation of the seller ends and the buyer’s starts.

This is what CIP stands for:

1. Carriage: The buyer takes responsibility for setting up and paying for how the goods will get to the destination mentioned in the contract. This includes the cost of putting the things on a vehicle, driving them to the mutually agreed-up place, and taking them off the vehicle.

2. Insurance: The buyer is also in charge of getting insurance for the items while they are in transit and paying for them. This insurance should cover the chance that the goods will be lost or damaged until they are delivered to the destination designated.

3. Paid To: This means that the seller of the product is liable for all costs related to shipping and insuring the products up to the destination or location that is mentioned. Once things get to the right place, the buyer is responsible for the costs and risks.

Features of CIP

Here are the most significant features of CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To):

1. Delivery Location: Under CIP, the seller takes charge of delivering the goods to a specified location, typically the buyer’s location or another mutually agreed-up location.

2. Carriage: The seller takes responsibility for arranging and paying for the primary dispatch of the goods to the designated location. This includes choosing the mode of transportation (e.g., truck, ship, a plane) along with controlling the associated costs.

3. Insurance: Furthermore, the vendor is liable for obtaining and paying for transit insurance coverage for the goods being sold. This insurance generally protects the buyer against the risk of loss or damage to the shipment during transit.

4. Risk Transfer: The buyer bears the risk of loss or damage to the goods when the seller delivers them to the first carrier (typically at the seller’s location) under CIP. The seller remains liable for risk until the goods are transferred to the carrier.

5. Associated Costs: The vendor is responsible for transport and insurance costs under CIP up to the specified destination. The buyer is responsible for all costs and hazards associated with unloading the goods at the destination, as well as any additional transportation or storage expenses incurred.

6. Insurance Coverage: The seller’s insurance coverage should be sufficient to cover the value of the goods and should be in the buyer’s name or interest. The sales contract should outline every detail of the insurance coverage.

7. Documentation: The seller must provide the buyer with the necessary proof of purchase, such as transportation papers and insurance certificates, in order for the buyer to take possession of the goods and file an insurance claim in the event of loss or damage.

8. Customs and Import Duties: Once the goods have arrived at the specified location, the customer is responsible for customs clearance, import duties, and taxes.

How does it work?

CIP, or Carriage and Insurance Paid To, is similar to the seller taking care of everything necessary to deliver a product from another country to your doorstep. They arrange shipping, ensure that the item is insured throughout the journey, and cover all associated costs. Once the item reaches the agreed-upon location, it becomes your responsibility. You are responsible for unloading it, handling it from that point forward, and transporting it if necessary. Therefore, CIP simplifies international trade by establishing who is responsible for what in the purchasing and transportation processes.

Here is how CIP works:

1. Delivery and Risk Transfer

The contract specifies that the seller is responsible for delivering the products to a specified location or destination. Depending on the terms of the agreement, this location may be a specific location, a port, or the buyer’s premises. Until the products are delivered to the agreed-upon location, the vendor bears the risk of loss or damage. Once the products have been delivered, the client bears responsibility for them.

2. Transportation

The seller is responsible for arranging and paying for the primary shipment of the products to the designated location. This includes all expenses related to loading, transporting, and offloading the products.

3. Insurance coverage

The seller is also liable for procuring and arranging for insurance coverage for the products during transit, in addition to the cost of transportation. The insurance should cover the risk of loss or damage to the products during shipping.

4. Import Duties and Taxes

Typically, the seller has responsibility for export customs clearance, including the preparation and submission of export documentation and payment of any export duties and taxes. The importer is responsible for customs clearance, which includes the payment of import duties, taxes, and other fees.

5. Notification and Distribution

The seller must notify the customer once the goods have been delivered to the transporter. This notification typically contains shipment-related information, such as the bill of lading, monitoring data, and expected delivery date.

6. Costs Outside of Destination

Once the items arrive at the mutually agreed-upon destination, the consumer is responsible for all costs associated with offloading, handling, and any additional transportation that may be needed.

Benefits of CIP

1. Clarity Regarding Risk: CIP provides clear and straightforward terms for both the buyer and the seller of goods, thereby minimizing the possibility of misunderstandings and disputes. Everyone is aware of their transportation and insurance responsibilities.

2. Risk Transfer: The seller transfers the risk associated with the products to the buyer at the agreed-upon destination. This transfer of risk can be beneficial for both parties because it corresponds with their respective interests and responsibilities.

3. Cost Efficiency: By allowing the seller to manage shipping and insurance, the buyer can often take advantage of the seller’s expertise and possibly get cheaper prices for shipping and insurance due to bulk purchases or established relationships with carriers and insurers.

4. Risk Management: The seller is responsible for ensuring the products during transit, which can provide the consumer with peace of mind. If the products are damaged or lost during transport, the buyer is not responsible financially.

Difference Between CIP and CIF

The key differences between CIP and CIF are actually the scope of insurance coverage and the seller’s degree of liability. CIP provides more comprehensive insurance coverage and covers the entire journey to the designated destination, whereas CIF focuses primarily on marine transport to a specific port, with the buyer assuming responsibility for the remainder of the transportation and delivery. The selection between the two depends on the particular requirements and preferences of the parties to the global trade transaction.

Basis	CIF	CIP
Full Form	Cost Insurance and Freight	Carriage and Insurance Paid To
Insurance Responsibility	In CIF contracts, the seller is responsible for getting insurance coverage for the products during their sea journey to the port of destination specified in the contract. The seller pays for insurance coverage.	In CIP contracts, the seller is also responsible for getting insurance coverage, but this insurance covers the products for every phase of the journey, including any land transportation or delivery to the specified destination. Again, the insurance is paid for by the seller.
Delivery Point	When the products are loaded onto the vessel at the port of shipment, the seller’s responsibility ends under CIF terms. The buyer bears the risk and expense for the next journey and delivery to the final destination.	In CIP contracts, the seller is liable until the products are delivered to the specified location. This includes the sea journey as well as any extra transportation, offloading at the destination, and related expenses.
Transportation Responsibility	CIF refers primarily to the sea transportation of goods. The buyer is responsible for inland transportation, unloading, and any additional expenses incurred after the products have been carried onto the vessel and the seller has arranged and paid for the main transport by sea.	CIP is flexible because it covers the entire voyage from the seller’s location to the specified destination, regardless of the mode of conveyance (sea, air, or land). The seller is responsible for arranging and paying for all transportation costs associated with this trip.
Flexibility	CIF is typically used for transfers involving ocean transport and port-to-port delivery, making it less flexible in terms of choice of destination.	As the seller’s responsibility extends beyond the port, CIP provides greater flexibility, allowing parties to choose from a wider array of destinations, including inland locations.