NCERT Solutions Class 9 Economics Social Science Chapter 2: People as Resource

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource: The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource provide detailed answers to the exercises provided in the Economics textbook. These solutions cover all the relevant study material necessary for scoring well in the CBSE examinations. By using these solutions, Class 9 students can develop the skill of writing answers effectively.

The provided NCERT Solutions provide easy-to-understand explanations, aiding students in grasping the concepts discussed in the chapter.

It has been developed by the subject matter experts at GFG, according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2024-25, and guidelines to help the students of Class 10 create a solid conceptual base for Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource.

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Economics Social Science Chapter 2

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource

The solutions for Chapter 2: People as Resource are provided below. Students can also access NCERT Solutions for Class 9 for other subjects.

Exercises Page No. 27

1. What do you understand by ‘people as a resource’?

“People as a resource” refers to the concept of viewing the population as an asset rather than a liability. It acknowledges the productive skills and abilities of the working class within society. Human capital is formed when investments are made in the form of education and training, enhancing individuals’ capabilities and contributions to the economy. Education and health further enable individuals to become valuable assets to society. Therefore, “people as a resource” signifies the working population that results in the development of society

2. How is human resource different from other resources like land and physical Capital?

Human resources are different from land and physical capital because people can use other resources to produce things. Land and physical capital can’t produce anything on their own. They need people to work with them. People can also learn and come up with new ideas, making them valuable assets in the economy.

3. What is the role of education in human capital formation?

Education holds significant importance in the formation of human capital due to several reasons:

1. Economic Asset: An educated individual contributes positively to the economy by adding value through their skills and knowledge, thus being viewed as an asset rather than a burden.
2. Economic Opportunities: Education equips individuals with the necessary skills to capitalize on economic opportunities, thereby enhancing national income, cultural richness, and increasing governmental efficiency.
3. Enhanced Productivity: Educated individuals tend to higher levels of productivity in terms of both quality and quantity, thereby contributing to overall economic growth.
4. Societal Consciousness: Education is a sense of social responsibility and awareness among individuals, encouraging active participation in societal development and progress.
5. Health and Hygiene: Education also promotes awareness of health and hygiene practices, leading to better health outcomes for the population and contributing to overall well-being.

4. What is the role of health in human capital formation?

Health significantly contributes to human capital formation through various mechanisms:

1. Improved Immunity: A healthy individual possesses a stronger immune system, enabling them to combat illnesses more effectively and reducing the risk of absenteeism due to sickness.
2. Increased Productivity: Good health positively impacts an individual’s overall output and productivity. When individuals are healthy, they can perform their tasks more efficiently and effectively.
3. Enhanced Efficiency: Healthier individuals tend to higher levels of efficiency in their work. They experience fewer health-related interruptions, allowing them to focus more on their tasks and contribute more effectively to the economy.
4. Economic Growth: Better healthcare measures contribute to overall improvements in the health of the population, leading to increased human capital and productivity.

5. What part does health play in the individual’s working life?

Having good health is really important for doing well at work. Here’s why:

1. Doing Work Better: When you’re healthy, you can focus better on your tasks, make decisions easily, and finish your work faster and more accurately.
2. Getting More Done: Healthy people can spend more time working without getting sick or tired. This means they can do more work and do it better.
3. Not Missing Work: Healthy people don’t get sick as often, so they don’t have to miss work. They’re less likely to get sick, so they can be at work when they’re supposed to be.
4. Finding Balance: Being healthy lets you balance your work and personal life better. You can work well and still have time for fun and relaxation.

6. What are the various activities undertaken in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors?

The primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors encompass various activities essential for economic development and sustainability:

Primary Sector	Secondary Sector	Tertiary Sector
Farming, agriculture, forestry	Manufacturing, construction	Retail, transportation, banking, education
Fishing, animal husbandry, mining	Processing industries, utilities	Healthcare, tourism, hospitality, entertainment
Logging, hunting, gathering	Textile production, metalworking	Information technology, finance, real estate

7. What is the difference between economic activities and non-economic activities?

Economic activities are those that contribute to the national income by adding value to goods or services. They are categorized into market activities and non-market activities. Market activities involve tasks performed for pay or profit, such as manufacturing, trade, and services offered for sale. On the other hand, non-market activities involve production for self-consumption, such as subsistence farming or household chores.

Non-economic activities, on the contrary, do not contribute to the national income as they do not generate value. Examples of non-economic activities include domestic chores like cooking, cleaning, and childcare, which are performed for personal or family needs rather than for financial gain or market exchange.

8. Why are women employed in low paid work?

The way men and women get paid has been a big worry for society. Women often get paid less than men, and one big reason is that women usually don’t have as much education as men. They tend to work in jobs where they don’t get good benefits like maternity leave or help with childcare. Women also often have to take care of household chores, which can make it hard for them to work as much as men. Another reason women get paid less is because people think men are more skilled than women even if they do the same kind of work. Because of all these things, women often end up working in jobs that don’t pay very well.

9. How will you explain the term unemployment?

Answer – Unemployment happens when people who have the skills and abilities to work can’t find a job that pays enough. It can happen in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, unemployment might happen during certain seasons when there isn’t much work available. In urban areas, it’s more common for people who are educated to have trouble finding work.

10. What is the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment?

In rural areas, there are two types of unemployment: seasonal and disguised. Seasonal unemployment occurs when people can’t find work during certain times of the year. This often affects farmers who may not have work when there are no crops to tend to.

Disguised unemployment is when people seem to be employed, but their work isn’t really necessary. For example, if a piece of land only needs three people to work on it, but there are five people working, then two of those people are in disguised unemployment because their work isn’t adding any extra value.

11. Why is educated unemployed a peculiar problem of India?

Educated unemployment is a growing issue in India. Many young people with qualifications like matriculation, graduation, and even post-graduation struggle to find employment. One reason for this is that the Indian education system considers anyone over 18 years old eligible to work, without necessarily ensuring they have the skills needed for employment. As a result, many educated individuals remain unskilled and ultimately unemployed. It is important for individuals to not only have degrees but also acquire the necessary skills to secure jobs.

12. In which field do you think India can build the maximum employment opportunity?

The employment sector is divided into three main types of activities: the primary sector, secondary sector, and tertiary sector. While agriculture is the primary sector and employs a significant portion of India’s population, there is a considerable presence of disguised unemployment in this sector. Therefore, the manufacturing sector, which falls under the secondary activity, holds the potential to provide employment to a large part of the population due to the expansion of industries.

13. Can you suggest some measures in the education system to mitigate the problem of the educated unemployed?

Here are some measures that can be implemented in the education system to address the issue of educated unemployment:

1. Introduce career-oriented education at the secondary level to equip students with practical skills that are relevant to the job market.
2. Allow students to choose subjects based on their interests and aptitudes to foster a more personalized learning experience.
3. Introduce new subjects and fields of study at the school level that align with emerging career opportunities, enabling students to make informed decisions about their future career paths from an early age.

14. Can you imagine some village which initially had no job opportunities but later came up with many?

Here are some ways to solve the issue of educated unemployment in the education system:

1. Promote vocational education to provide practical skills that align with job requirements, reducing the gap between education and employment.
2. Incorporate more technology into education to equip students with relevant digital skills that are increasingly in demand in the job market.
3. Make education more job-oriented by focusing on practical applications and industry-specific training to enhance employability.
4. Create more job opportunities in the tertiary sector, such as services like healthcare, education, finance, and IT, to absorb the growing number of educated individuals entering the workforce.

15. Which capital would you consider the best — land, labour, physical capital or human capital? Why?

Human capital is often regarded as the most valuable among land, labor, physical, and human capital. Unlike other resources, human beings have the ability to utilize and harness other resources to generate productive outcomes. Therefore, human capital is considered indispensable for driving economic growth and development.

Chapter 2 – People as Resource Summary

Chapter 2 of the Economics textbook, titled “People as Resource,” emphasizes the significance of human capital in the economy. Here’s a summary of the key points covered in the chapter:

Key topics covered in this chapter include:

1. Economic Activities by Men and Women
2. Quality of Population
3. Education
4. Health
5. Unemployment
6. Seasonal Unemployment
7. Disguised Unemployment

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 People as Resource FAQs

What is the concept of ‘People as Resource’ in economics?

‘People as Resource’ refers to the idea that the population of a country is an asset rather than a liability for the economy. It emphasizes the importance of human capital, which includes people’s skills, knowledge, and abilities, in driving economic growth and development.

How do educated and healthy individuals contribute to the economy?

Educated and healthy individuals contribute to the economy by being more productive in their work. They can take up skilled jobs, innovate, and contribute to technological advancements. Moreover, they tend to have better incomes, which increases their purchasing power and stimulates demand in the economy.

What are some examples of economic activities discussed in Chapter 2?

Economic activities include both market activities (done for pay or profit) and non-market activities (production for self-consumption). Examples of economic activities discussed in the chapter include agriculture, manufacturing, trade, education, health, tourism, and insurance.

Why is unemployment a concern in both rural and urban areas?

Unemployment is a concern in both rural and urban areas due to different reasons. In rural areas, seasonal unemployment occurs when people are unable to find work during certain months of the year, such as the off-season in agriculture. In urban areas, educated unemployment is prevalent, where individuals with qualifications struggle to find suitable jobs.