NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 – Crop Production and Management

NCERT Solutions for class 8 Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management: The chapter on microbes In human welfare is important for students approaching the board exams. This article introduces NCERT Solution for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 designed to help students explain the concepts of further learning and how to write to get good grades on exams. The solutions are presented in very simple language for ease of understanding.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 explains explains the methods and techniques used to cultivate crops and ensure their proper growth, to obtain maximum yield. The process of crop production and management involves various elements such as soil preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and harvesting. Farmers and agriculturalists employ various scientific methods and technologies to ensure optimal crop production and management. Revise the basic concepts of Crop Production and Management for quick revision and class notes for the NCERT Solution for Class 8 Science.

These Are the Topics Students Must Cover in NCERT Solution for Class 8 Science:

1. Preparation of Soil
2. Protection from Weeds
3. Sowing
4. Adding Manure and Fertilisers
5. Food and Animals
6. Storage
7. Agricultural Practices
8. Basic Practices of Crop Production
9. Harvesting
10. Irrigation

Exercise Questions

Q1: Select the Correct Word from the Following List and Fill in the Blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

• (a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____________.
• (b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.
• (c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.
• (d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.

Answer:

• (a) crop
• (b) preparation
• (c) float
• (d) water, nutrients

Q2: Match items in column A with those in column B.

A	B
(i) Kharif crops	(a) Food for cattle
(ii) Rabi crops	(b) Urea and superphosphate
(iii) Chemical fertilizers	(c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine, and plant waste
(iv) Organic manure	(d) Wheat, gram, pea
	(e) Paddy and maize

Answer:

A	B
(i) Kharif crops	e) Paddy and maize
(ii) Rabi crops	d) Wheat, gram, pea
(iii) Chemical fertilizers	b) Urea and superphosphate
(iv) Organic manure	c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine, and plant waste
	a) Food for cattle

Q3:  Give two examples of each.

• (a) Kharif crop
• (b) Rabi crop

Answer:

• (a) Two examples of Kharif crops are: Paddy and maize
• (b) Two examples of Rabi crops are: Wheat and gram

Q4: Write a Paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

• Preparation of soil
• Sowing
• Weeding
• Threshing

Answer:

• Preparation of soil:

Preparing soil for planting is an essential part of gardening. Proper soil preparation allows plants to grow and thrive in any environment. It ensures that the soil has the right mix of organic matter, nutrients, and water for healthy plant growth.  It involves tilling and loosening the soil. This enables the roots to sink deeply into the soil, enabling them to respire without difficulty even when they are set deep.

• Sowing:

Sowing is the process of planting seeds in the soil to grow plants. It is an important step in gardening and agriculture. To start, the right seeds should be chosen for the type of plant you want to grow and ensure they are fresh and viable. Then, prepare the soil by loosening it and removing any weeds or debris. Depending on the plant, you can either sow the seeds directly into the soil or start them indoors in seed trays or pots. When sowing directly into the soil, make small furrows or holes and place the seeds at the appropriate depth and spacing, then cover the seeds with soil and gently water them.  Once the seeds have germinated and have grown into seedlings, they can be transplanted into the garden.

• Weeding:

Weeds are unwanted plants that compete with your desired plants for nutrients, water, and sunlight. They can also harbor pests and diseases that can harm your plants. To start weeding, it’s important to first identify the weeds from your desired plants. Then, using a hand tool or hoe, remove the weeds from the soil, making sure to get the entire root system to prevent regrowth. It’s important to weed regularly to prevent the weeds from getting out of control. 

• Threshing:

Threshing is an agricultural process of separating grain from the stalks and husks. It is an important step in the production of cereal crops such as wheat, rice, and barley. Traditionally, threshing was done by hand using a flail, which is a wooden stick with a heavy end. The flail would be repeatedly struck against the harvested plants to separate the grain from the chaff. However, with the advancement of technology, threshing machines have been developed to make the process easier and more efficient. These machines use rotating drums that beat the plants to separate the grain. After threshing, the separated grain is cleaned and ready for storage or further processing. Threshing is an important step in the production of cereal crops and has allowed for efficient harvesting and processing of grains.

Q5:  Explain How Fertilizers are Different from Manure.

Answer:

Fertilizers	Manures
A fertilizer can be classified as an inorganic substance	Manure is a natural material that is derived from the breakdown of animal and human waste, as well as plant remains.
A fertilizer is prepared artificially.	Manure is prepared naturally in the fields.
No humus is produced by its application.	Manure provides a lot of humus to the soil.
Fertiliser is an essential part of the growing process, as it contains a plethora of plant nutrients that are vital for growth – such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.	Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients.

Q6: What is Irrigation? Describe two methods of Irrigation that Conserve Water.

Answer: 

Irrigation is the process of applying water to plants or crops to support their growth and development. It is a necessary practice in agriculture and horticulture, especially in areas where rainfall is insufficient to meet the needs of the plants. Irrigation allows farmers and gardeners to control the amount and timing of water that is delivered to their crops or plants, which can lead to higher yields and better-quality produce.

Two methods of irrigation that conserve water are:

• Drip Irrigation: This method involves applying water directly to the base of the plant or crop through small tubes or emitters. This allows the water to be delivered in a slow and steady manner, minimizing runoff and evaporation. Drip irrigation can save up to 50% of water compared to traditional irrigation methods.
• Sprinkler irrigation system: Sprinkler irrigation is a method of irrigation that involves spraying water over plants or crops from sprinkler heads attached to an overhead system. This method is commonly used in agriculture, landscaping, and sports fields. The sprinkler heads are strategically placed to ensure that the water is evenly distributed over the entire area.

Q7: If Wheat is Sown in the Kharif Season, what would happen? Discuss.

Answer:

Wheat is a Rabi crop, which means that it is typically sown in the winter season, between October and December, and is harvested in the spring season. If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, which is the rainy season in India, it would not be able to grow properly and may not yield a good harvest. This is because wheat requires a cooler climate and a certain amount of sunlight to grow properly, which is not available during the Kharif season. Additionally, the heavy rains during the Kharif season may cause waterlogging and damage to the wheat crops. Therefore, it is not advisable to sow wheat in the Kharif season.

Q8:  Explain how Soil gets Affected by the continuous Plantation of crops in a field.

Answer: 

Continuous planting of crops in a field can have a significant impact on the soil quality. When the same crop is grown repeatedly in the same field, it can lead to the depletion of nutrients in the soil and a decrease in soil fertility. This is because certain crops absorb specific nutrients from the soil, and if the same crop is grown repeatedly, those nutrients become depleted. Additionally, continuous plantation of crops can lead to soil erosion, soil compaction, and an increase in soil-borne diseases and pests.

Soil erosion occurs when there is a loss of topsoil due to factors such as wind or water, which can lead to a decrease in soil quality and fertility. Soil compaction occurs when the soil becomes densely packed, which can lead to a decrease in water infiltration and nutrient absorption. An increase in soil-borne diseases and pests can occur when the same crop is grown repeatedly, as the pathogens and pests that are attracted to that crop can build up in the soil over time.

To prevent the negative effects of continuous plantation, farmers can use crop rotation, which involves alternating between two different crops. The second crop is selected in such a way that it replenishes the nutrients of the soil, which is utilized by the first crop.

Q9: What are the Weeds? How can we control them?

Answer:

Weeds are unwanted plants that grow in areas where they are not wanted. They can be annuals, perennials, or biennials and can quickly spread and take over a garden or landscape if not controlled. Some common types of weeds include dandelions, crabgrass, and clover.

There are several ways to control weeds. One method is to pull them by hand or use a hoe to remove them at the root level. This is effective for small areas or when weeds are just starting to grow. Another method is to use mulch, such as wood chips or straw, to cover the soil and prevent sunlight from reaching weed seeds. This will prevent the weeds from germinating and growing.

Herbicides can also be used to control weeds. These are chemicals that kill the weed, but they can also harm other plants and the environment if not used correctly. It is important to read and follow the instructions on the label carefully and only use them as a last resort.

Q10: Arrange the following boxes in the proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

Answer:

Q11: Complete the following Word Puzzle with the help of the clues given below.

• Down
  • 1. Providing water to the crops.
  • 2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
  • 5. Certain plants of the same kind are grown on a large scale.
• Across
  • 3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
  • 4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
  • 6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.

Answer:

FAQ’s on NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1

Q1. What are the prominent features of NCERT Solutions for Chapter 1 in Class 8 Science?

The prominent features of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 include:

1. Extensive Practice in Balancing Equations.

2. Simplified Guidance in Crafting Chemical Equations.

3. Abundance of Varied Difficulty Level Practice Questions for Exam Readiness.

4. Comprehensive Answers to Aid Effective Exam Preparation.

Q2. What is soil preparation Class 8 science Chapter 1?

Soil preparation in Class 8 Science Chapter 1, “Crop Production and Management,” involves:

1. Ploughing to loosen and mix soil.

2. Levelling for uniform irrigation.

3. Adding manure and fertilizers for nutrients.

4. Tilling for a fine seedbed.

5. Sowing seeds.

6. Irrigation for moisture.

7. Weed control to prevent competition with crops.

It ensures a favorable environment for crop growth.

Q3. What is agriculture class 8 science chapter 1?

In NCERT Solution for Class 8 Science, “Crop Production and Management,” agriculture refers to the practice of cultivating crops and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products essential for human survival. This chapter explores various aspects of agriculture, including soil preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilization, pest control, harvesting, and storage. It also discusses the importance of good agricultural practices and sustainable farming methods to ensure food security and efficient resource utilization. Students learn about the essential role agriculture plays in providing food and resources for human societies.

Q4. How can NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 – ‘Crop Production and Management’ enhance my comprehension of these concepts?

The NCERT Solutions offer comprehensive explanations, diagrams, and illustrative examples that simplify the intricacies of crop production and management. By utilizing these solutions, you can attain a lucid comprehension of the entire crop production process, spanning from soil preparation to harvest, and appreciate the significance of diverse agricultural practices.

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Students can benefit significantly from the CBSE Free PDF Download available through online free resources by accessing study materials, textbooks, and other educational resources at no cost. These PDFs can serve as valuable supplements to their learning, enabling them to review, practice, and deepen their understanding of various subjects and topics. It offers a convenient and accessible way to study and prepare for exams without the need for physical textbooks, making it a cost-effective and flexible option for students seeking quality educational materials.