Create a customized data structure which evaluates functions in O(1)

Create a customized data structure such that it has functions :-
GetLastElement();
RemoveLastElement();
AddElement()
GetMin()

All the functions should be of O(1)

Question Source : amazon interview questions



Approach :
1) create a custom stack of type structure with two elements, (element, min_till_now)
2) implement the functions on this custom data type

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// program to demonstrate customized data structure
// which supports functions in O(1)
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
const int MAXX = 1000;
  
// class stack
class stack {
    int minn;
    int size;
  
public:
    stack()
    {
        minn = 99999;
        size = -1;
    }
    vector<pair<int, int> > arr;
    int GetLastElement();
    int RemoveLastElement();
    int AddElement(int element);
    int GetMin();
};
  
// utility function for adding a new element
int stack::AddElement(int element)
{
    if (size > MAXX) {
        cout << "stack overflow, max size reached!\n";
        return 0;
    }
    if (element < minn)
        minn = element;
    arr.push_back(make_pair(element, minn));
    size++;
    return 1;
}
  
// utility function for returning last element of stack
int stack::GetLastElement()
{
    if (size == -1) {
        cout << "No elements in stack\n";
        return 0;
    }
    return arr[size].first;
}
  
// utility function for removing last element successfully;
int stack::RemoveLastElement()
{
    if (size == -1) {
        cout << "stack empty!!!\n";
        return 0;
    }
  
    // updating minimum element
    if (size > 0 && arr[size - 1].second > arr[size].second) {
        minn = arr[size - 1].second;
    }
    arr.pop_back();
    size -= 1;
    return 1;
}
  
// utility function for returning min element till now;
int stack::GetMin()
{
    if (size == -1) {
        cout << "stack empty!!\n";
        return 0;
    }
    return arr[size].second;
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    stack s;
    int success = s.AddElement(5);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "5 inserted successfully\n";
  
    success = s.AddElement(7);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "7 inserted successfully\n";
  
    success = s.AddElement(3);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "3 inserted successfully\n";
    int min1 = s.GetMin();
    cout << "min element  :: " << min1 << endl;
  
    success = s.RemoveLastElement();
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "removed successfully\n";
  
    success = s.AddElement(2);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "2 inserted successfully\n";
  
    success = s.AddElement(9);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "9 inserted successfully\n";
    int last = s.GetLastElement();
    cout << "Last element :: " << last << endl;
  
    success = s.AddElement(0);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "0 inserted successfully\n";
    min1 = s.GetMin();
    cout << "min element  :: " << min1 << endl;
  
    success = s.RemoveLastElement();
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "removed successfully\n";
  
    success = s.AddElement(11);
    if (success == 1)
        cout << "11 inserted successfully\n";
    min1 = s.GetMin();
    cout << "min element  :: " << min1 << endl;
  
    return 0;
}

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Output:


5 inserted successfully
7 inserted successfully
3 inserted successfully
min element  :: 3
removed successfully
2 inserted successfully
9 inserted successfully
Last element :: 9
0 inserted successfully
min element  :: 0
removed successfully
11 inserted successfully
min element  :: 2



Time complexity : Each function runs in O(1)


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