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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Notes

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Business Studies is a study of how to control and manage an organization effectively and efficiently. After providing the basic knowledge about Business Studies in Class 11 Notes, GeeksforGeeks has designed Notes for Class 12 Business Studies according to the CBSE Syllabus. The mentioned below Chapterwise quick links of Class 12 Business Studies provide detailed knowledge about the subject and the related topics. The notes contain 12 chapters covering every important topic, like Functions of Management, Principles of Management, Marketing, Stock Exchange, Training, Recruiting, Planning, and many more. 

Business Studies Notes

PART – A

Chapter 1: Nature and Significance of Management

Management is important for every organization, irrespective of its nature, size, and other factors. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the concept of management, its nature, and its functions. The GeeksforGeeks Notes of Class 12th Business Studies covers detailed information required to know about management or business management. The notes of the first chapter, ‘Nature and Significance of Management’ provided with the quick links given below, include important topics like, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Coordination, Planning, Controlling, Management as a Science, and many more. 

Chapter 2: Principles of Management

To attain better results through management, an organization has to follow certain principles of management. The notes of the second chapter, ‘Principles of Management’, cover detailed information on different principles of management required for better functioning of an organization. The notes include Nature and Significance of Management Principles, Fayol’s Principle of Management, Taylor’s Scientific Management, Techniques of Scientific Management, and a Comparison between Taylor’s and Fayol’s Principles. 

Chapter 3: Business Environment

Business Environment is the surrounding of an organization that affects its decisions and performance during its existence. It is essential to understand the surroundings of an organization for a better decision-making process and results. The notes of the third chapter of Class 12 Business Studies Notes involve important topics, like Features, Importance, Dimensions of business environment, Demonetization, and many more in detail. 

Chapter 4: Planning

Planning means deciding in advance regarding the works of an organization. Planning is the first function of management and is crucial to a business. The fourth chapter, ‘Planning’ of Class 12 Business Studies, covers everything required to know about planning as a function of management. The notes of this chapter include Features, Importance, and Limitations of Planning, Process of Planning, and Different Types of Plans in detail and easy-to-understand language.  

Chapter 5: Organising

The second function of management is Organising. In other words, it means organising people and their jobs together. The fifth chapter, ‘Organising’ of Class 12 Business Studies, covers everything to know about organising as a function of management. The notes of this chapter covered in the given below quick links consist of Organising Process, Organisation Structure, Formal and Informal Organisation, Delegation, Centralisation, and Decentralisation in detail. 

Chapter 6: Staffing

Every organization requires human force to run their business for which they need the Staffing function of management. Staffing means recruiting, selecting, and training individuals in an organization for the individuals’ and organization’s benefit. The sixth chapter of Class 12 Business Studies is Staffing, and its notes provided with the quick links given below cover important topics, like Staffing Process, Selection Process, Training Methods, etc. 

Chapter 7: Directing

Directing is the fourth function of management and is crucial to every organization as it cannot attain the pre-determined goals if the human resource is not directed towards the organizational goals properly. The seventh chapter of Class 12 Business Studies, ‘Directing’, covers everything required to know about directing, leadership, supervision, and communication. The notes of this chapter include important topics, like Principles of Directing, Qualities of a Good Leader, Barriers to Communication, Communication Process, and many more. 

Chapter 8: Controlling

The last function of management is controlling. A business can achieve success only when it knows how to detect its performance and control it. The last chapter of Class 12 Business Studies, Part-A ‘Controlling’, covers important topics, like Limitations of Controlling, Process of Controlling, Techniques of Managerial Control, and many more. 

PART – B

Chapter 9: Financial Management

Every organization requires finance to run its business and achieve organizational objectives. A good amount of finance can only be helpful to a business only when it is managed properly, leading to the ninth chapter of Class 12 Business Studies ‘Financial Management’. The notes of this chapter provided through the below-mentioned quick links cover important topics, like Financial Decisions, Capital Structure, Working Capital, Business Finance, and many more. 

Chapter 10: Financial Markets

There are two main sectors in an economy, households (the savers) and business firms (the investors). Financial Markets serve as a link between them and help them connect with each other to maintain a flow of funds in the economy. The tenth chapter of Class 12 Business Studies, ‘Financial Markets’ talks about Financial Markets and Stock Exchanges in detail. The notes provided through the below-mentioned quick links consist of important topics, like Primary Market, Secondary Market, Dematerialisation, NSE, BSE, SEBI, and many more. 

Chapter 11: Marketing

A business does not run itself just through the production of goods and services, it needs to perform marketing of the business too. Marketing means interacting with people, providing them information about the business and its product or service, and convincing them to purchase those goods or services. The eleventh chapter of Class 12 Business Studies, ‘Marketing’ covers everything required to know about marketing and its related concepts. The notes of this chapter consist of important topics, like Marketing Management Philosophies, Marketing Mix, Promotion, Advertising, Sales Promotion, Public Relation, and many more. 

Chapter 12: Consumer Protection

A consumer is said to be the king of a free market economy. Therefore, it is crucial to protect the consumer from different unfair trade practices. Consumer Protection means educating the consumer about their rights and responsibilities and helping them get redressal for any unfair trade practice. The last chapter of Class 12th Business Studies Part-B, ‘Consumer Protection’ covers detailed information regarding Consumer, Consumer Protection, Consumer Protection Act and Redressal Agencies under the Act. 



Last Updated : 03 Aug, 2023
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