cin in C++

The cin object in C++ is an object of class iostream. It is used to accept the input from the standard input device i.e. keyboard. It is associated with the standard C input stream stdin. The extraction operator(>>) is used along with the object cin for reading inputs. The extraction operator extracts the data from the object cin which is entered using the keyboard.

Program 1:

Below is the C++ program to implement cin object:

C++

// C++ program to demonstrate the
// cin object
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    string s;

    // Take input using cin
    cin >> s;

    // Print output
    cout << s;

    return 0;
}

Input:

Output:

Program 2:

Multiple inputs using the extraction operators(>>) with cin. Below is the C++ program to take multiple user inputs:

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the take
// multiple input
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    string name;
    int age;

    // Take multiple input using cin
    cin >> name >> age;

    // Print output
    cout << "Name : " << name << endl;
    cout << "Age : " << age << endl;

    return 0;
}

Input:

Output:

 The cin can also be used with some member functions which are as follows:

cin.getline(char *buffer, int N):

It reads a stream of characters of length N into the string buffer, It stops when it has read (N – 1) characters or it finds the end of the file or newline character(\n). Below is the C++ program to implement cin.getline():

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the use
// of cin.getline
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char name[5];

    // Reads stream of 3
    // characters
    cin.getline(name, 3);

    // Print output
    cout << name << endl;

    return 0;
}

Input:

Output:

cin.get(char& var):

It reads an input character and stores it in a variable.  Below is the C++ program to implement cin.get():

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the use
// of cin.get()
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char ch;
    cin.get(ch, 25);

    // Print ch
    cout << ch;
}

Input:

Output:

cin.read(char *buffer, int N):

Reads a stream of characters of length N. Below is the C++ program to implement cin.read():

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the use
// of cin.read()
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char gfg[20];

    // Reads stream of characters
    cin.read(gfg, 10);

    // Print output
    cout << gfg << endl;

    return 0;
}

Input:

Output:

cin.ignore():

It ignores or clears one or more characters from the input buffer. Below is the C++ program to implement cin.ignore():

C++

// C++ program to illustrate the use
// of cin.ignore()
#include <iostream>

// used to get stream size
#include <ios>

// used to get numeric limits
#include <limits>
using namespace std;

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int x;
    char str[80];
    cout << "Enter a number andstring:\n";
    cin >> x;

    // clear buffer before taking
    // new line
    cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');

    // Input a string
    cin.getline(str, 80);
    cout << "You have entered:\n";
    cout << x << endl;
    cout << str << endl;

    return 0;
}

Input:

Output:

Explanation: In the above program if cin.ignore() has not been used then after entering the number when the user presses the enter to input the string, the output will be only the number entered. The program will not take the string input. To avoid this problem cin.ignore() is used, this will ignore the newline character.