BogoSort or Permutation Sort

BogoSort also known as permutation sort, stupid sort, slow sort, shotgun sort or monkey sort is a particularly ineffective algorithm based on generate and test paradigm. The algorithm successively generates permutations of its input until it finds one that is sorted.(Wiki)
For example, if bogosort is used to sort a deck of cards, it would consist of checking if the deck were in order, and if it were not, one would throw the deck into the air, pick the cards up at random, and repeat the process until the deck is sorted.

PseudoCode:

while not Sorted(list) do
    shuffle (list)
done

Example:

Let us consider an example array ( 3 2 5 1 0 4 )
4 5 0 3 2 1 (1st shuffling)
4 1 3 2 5 0 (2ndshuffling)
1 0 3 2 5 4 (3rd shuffling)
3 1 0 2 4 5 (4th shuffling)
1 4 5 0 3 2 (5th shuffling)
.
.
.
0 1 2 3 4 5 (nth shuffling)—— Sorted Array

Here, n is unknown because algorithm doesn’t known in which step the resultant permutation will come out to be sorted.

C++

// C++ implementation of Bogo Sort 
#include<bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// To check if array is sorted or not 
bool isSorted(int a[], int n) 
{ 
    while ( --n > 1 ) 
        if (a[n] < a[n-1]) 
            return false; 
    return true; 
} 
  
// To generate permuatation of the array 
void shuffle(int a[], int n) 
{ 
    for (int i=0; i < n; i++) 
        swap(a[i], a[rand()%n]); 
} 
  
// Sorts array a[0..n-1] using Bogo sort 
void bogosort(int a[], int n) 
{ 
    // if array is not sorted then shuffle 
    // the array again 
    while ( !isSorted(a, n) ) 
        shuffle(a, n); 
} 
  
// prints the array 
void printArray(int a[], int n) 
{ 
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++) 
        printf("%d ", a[i]); 
    printf("\n"); 
} 
  
// Driver code 
int main() 
{ 
    int a[] = {3, 2, 5, 1, 0, 4}; 
    int n = sizeof a/sizeof a[0]; 
    bogosort(a, n); 
    printf("Sorted array :\n"); 
    printArray(a,n); 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java Program to implement BogoSort 
public class BogoSort 
{ 
    // Sorts array a[0..n-1] using Bogo sort 
    void bogoSort(int[] a) 
    { 
        // if array is not sorted then shuffle the 
        // array again 
        while (isSorted(a) == false) 
            shuffle(a); 
    } 
  
    // To generate permuatation of the array 
    void shuffle(int[] a) 
    { 
         // Math.random() returns a double positive 
         // value, greater than or equal to 0.0 and 
         // less than 1.0. 
         for (int i=1; i <= n; i++) 
             swap(a, i, (int)(Math.random()*i)); 
    } 
  
    // Swapping 2 elements 
    void swap(int[] a, int i, int j) 
    { 
        int temp = a[i]; 
        a[i] = a[j]; 
        a[j] = temp; 
    } 
  
    // To check if array is sorted or not 
    boolean isSorted(int[] a) 
    { 
        for (int i=1; i<a.length; i++) 
            if (a[i] < a[i-1]) 
                return false; 
        return true; 
    } 
  
    // Prints the array 
    void printArray(int[] arr) 
    { 
        for (int i=0; i<arr.length; i++) 
            System.out.print(arr[i] + " "); 
        System.out.println(); 
    } 
  
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
        //Enter array to be sorted here 
        int[] a = {3, 2, 5, 1, 0, 4}; 
        BogoSort ob = new BogoSort(); 
  
        ob.bogoSort(a); 
  
        System.out.print("Sorted array: "); 
        ob.printArray(a); 
    } 
} 

Python

# Python program for implementation of Bogo Sort 
import random 
  
# Sorts array a[0..n-1] using Bogo sort 
def bogoSort(a): 
    n = len(a) 
    while (is_sorted(a)== False): 
        shuffle(a) 
  
# To check if array is sorted or not 
def is_sorted(a): 
    n = len(a) 
    for i in range(0, n-1): 
        if (a[i] > a[i+1] ): 
            return False
    return True
  
# To generate permuatation of the array 
def shuffle(a): 
    n = len(a) 
    for i in range (0,n): 
        r = random.randint(0,n-1) 
        a[i], a[r] = a[r], a[i] 
  
# Driver code to test above 
a = [3, 2, 4, 1, 0, 5] 
bogoSort(a) 
print("Sorted array :") 
for i in range(len(a)): 
    print ("%d" %a[i]), 

C#

// C# implementation of Bogo Sort 
using System;  
    
class GFG  
{  
    // To Swap two given numbers 
    static void Swap<T>(ref T lhs, ref T rhs) 
    { 
        T temp; 
        temp = lhs; 
        lhs = rhs; 
        rhs = temp; 
    } 
      
    // To check if array is sorted or not  
    public static bool isSorted(int[] a, int n)  
    {  
        int i = 0; 
        while(i<n-1) 
        { 
            if(a[i]>a[i+1]) 
                return false; 
            i++; 
        } 
        return true; 
    }  
        
    // To generate permuatation of the array  
    public static void shuffle(int[] a, int n)  
    {  
        Random rnd = new Random(); 
        for (int i=0; i < n; i++)  
            Swap(ref a[i], ref a[rnd.Next(0,n)]);  
    }  
        
    // Sorts array a[0..n-1] using Bogo sort  
    public static void bogosort(int[] a, int n)  
    {  
        // if array is not sorted then shuffle  
        // the array again  
        while ( !isSorted(a, n) )  
            shuffle(a, n);  
    }  
        
    // prints the array  
    public static void printArray(int[] a, int n)  
    {  
        for (int i=0; i<n; i++)  
            Console.Write(a[i] + " ");  
        Console.Write("\n");  
    }  
      
    // Driver code 
    static void Main()  
    {  
        int[] a = {3, 2, 5, 1, 0, 4};  
        int n = a.Length;  
        bogosort(a, n);  
        Console.Write("Sorted array :\n");  
        printArray(a,n);  
    } 
    //This code is contributed by DrRoot_ 
} 

Output:

Sorted array :
0 1 2 3 4 5

Time Complexity:

Worst Case : O(∞) (since this algorithm has no upper bound)
Average Case: O(n*n!)
Best Case : O(n)(when array given is already sorted)

Auxiliary Space : O(1)

This article is contributed by Rahul Agrawal . If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.

My Personal Notes

Suggest a Topic

C++

Java

Python

C#

Recommended Posts: