NCERT Solutions of Chapter 4: Judiciary For Class-8

NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4: Judiciary This article includes free NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4 Judiciary to help students of Class 8 learn the solutions and ace their exams.

It has been developed by the subject matter experts at GFG, according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, and guidelines to help the students of Class 8 create a solid conceptual base for Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4 Judiciary

The solutions to all the exercises in Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4: Judiciary of your NCERT textbook have been collectively covered in NCERT Solutions Class 8 Political Science.

NCERT Solutions Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4: Judiciary

Exercise Page No. 58

1. You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?

Answer:

An independent judiciary is important for upholding the law and ensuring that everyone’s fundamental rights are protected. When we say “independent,” we mean that judges can make decisions fairly without being pressured or influenced by the government or powerful individuals. This independence allows judges to focus solely on what is right and just, without any outside interference. It ensures that the law is applied equally to all, regardless of a person’s wealth, status, or connections.

Having an independent judiciary also promotes confidence in the legal system. People are more likely to follow the law and resolve disputes peacefully when they trust that the judiciary will uphold justice. It provides a sense of stability and security in society. An independent judiciary also ensures that the separation of powers between the judiciary, legislature, and executive can be maintained smoothly.

2. Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?

Answer:

The Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review because it allows people to go to court if they feel their fundamental rights are being violated. Judicial review means that the courts have the power to review and even overturn laws or actions by the government if they go against the Constitution. So, if someone’s rights are being ignored or taken away, they can ask the courts to step in and protect them. This connection is like a safety net – it ensures that the government follows the rules set out in the Constitution, and if it doesn’t, the courts can step in to make things right.

If their fundamental rights are being violated, the right to constitutional remedies allows citizens to move the court to issue orders, writs or directions to enforce the rights of citizens. Various special orders can be issued by the Courts such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto, Certiorari. For example, certiorari and prohibition are two separate writs issued at various points of a judicial trial to review and control the inferior court or tribunal’s exercise of authority.

3. In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in class.

Answer:

The Sudha Goel case was a landmark case in Indian law. It was a case of murder and the accused, Sudha Goel, was sentenced to life imprisonment by the District Court. She appealed her conviction and sentence to the High Court, which acquitted her. The State then appealed to the Supreme Court, which upheld the High Court’s judgment.

The case was significant because it raised important questions about the role of the judiciary in India. It also highlighted the need for reform in the Indian criminal justice system. The following is a summary of the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case:

• District Court: Sudha Goel was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.
• High Court: Sudha Goel appealed her conviction and sentence. The High Court acquitted her, holding that the evidence against her was not sufficient to prove her guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
• Supreme Court: The State appealed to the Supreme Court, which upheld the High Court’s judgment. The Supreme Court held that the High Court had not erred in acquitting Sudha Goel.

The Sudha Goel case is a reminder that the judiciary plays an important role in protecting the rights of the accused. It also shows that the Indian criminal justice system is capable of delivering justice, even in difficult cases.

4. Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that are false.

(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.

Answer:

True: Yes, the statement “The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court” is true.

(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision.

Answer:

False: The statement “They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision” is false. Once the Supreme Court has issued a ruling, people are not allowed to appeal to the High Court

(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.

Answer:

False: The statement “If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court” is false. Once the Supreme Court gives its decision, the accused cannot go to a lower court. 

5. Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?

Answer:

The introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all because it allows ordinary people, including those who are not directly involved in a legal issue, to raise concerns about matters that affect the public. Before PIL, only those directly affected by a case could bring it to court, but now anyone can speak up for the welfare of society.

PIL helps in addressing important issues like protecting the environment, upholding human rights, and fighting against corruption. It gives a voice to marginalized communities and organizations that may not have the resources or influence to take legal action otherwise.

Moreover, PIL holds governments and public authorities accountable for their actions. It acts as a watchdog, ensuring that those in power are working in the best interest of the people. By allowing anyone to bring important matters to the court’s attention, PIL helps in promoting fairness, transparency, and accountability in society.

6. Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.

Answer:

The judges meant that the right to life is not just about staying alive, but also about having the means to live a decent life. This includes having a place to live, food to eat, and the ability to earn a living. The judges said that if someone is evicted from their home, they may not be able to find another place to live or earn a living, which could lead to their death.

The judges also said that the right to life is not just about physical survival, but also about emotional and psychological well-being. This includes having a sense of security and belonging, and being able to participate in society. The judges said that if someone is evicted from their home, they may lose their sense of security and belonging, which could have a negative impact on their mental health.

The judges’ decision in the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case was a landmark ruling that helped to protect the rights of slum dwellers. The ruling established that the right to life includes the right to livelihood, and that the government cannot evict people from their homes without providing them with alternative accommodation.

7. Write a story around the theme, ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’.

Answer:

Once upon a time, there was a poor farmer named John who lived in a small village. He was a kind and hardworking man, and he loved his family very much. One day, John was accused of a crime he did not commit. He was arrested and thrown in jail, and his family was left to fend for themselves.

John’s wife, Mary, was a strong and determined woman. She knew that her husband was innocent, and she was determined to prove it. She went to the court and begged the judge to give her husband a fair trial. But the judge was corrupt, and he refused to listen to her. Mary went to the king and begged him to help her. The king was a good man, and he was sympathetic to Mary’s plight. He ordered the judge to give John a fair trial.

The trial was long and difficult. But in the end, John was found innocent and released from jail. Mary was overjoyed. She had finally gotten justice for her husband. But the story doesn’t end there. John had spent many months in jail, and his family had suffered greatly. Their crops had failed, and they were now in debt. John was too old and weak to work, and Mary was struggling to support her family.

The king heard about John’s plight, and he was moved by his story. He ordered that John and his family be given a new house and a new farm. He also gave them enough money to start a new life. John and his family were grateful to the king for his kindness. This story illustrates the importance of justice. When justice is delayed, it can have a devastating impact on the lives of the innocent. It is important to ensure that everyone has access to a fair and timely trial.

8. Make sentences with each of the glossary words given on the next page.

(i) Acquit

Answer:

Acquit: The jury acquitted the defendant on grounds of lack of evidence.

(ii) To Appeal

Answer:

To Appeal: The defendant decided to appeal to the High Court after his lawyer said the court’s decision was not correct.

(iii) Compensation

Answer:

Compensation: In compensation for the trouble caused due to flight delay, the airlines awarded the victim fifty thousand rupees.

(iv) Eviction

Answer:

Eviction: The couple faced eviction because they failed to pay the monthly installments to the bank.

(v) Violation

Answer:

Violation: The office staff protested the company for the violation of their rights.

9. The following is a poster made by the Right to Food campaign.

Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food. How does the phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” used in the poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to Food on page 61?

Answer:

The duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food include:

1. Ensuring there is enough food available for everyone.
2. Making sure food is affordable and accessible to all.
3. Providing help to people who cannot afford food.
4. Making sure the food is safe to eat.
5. Supporting farmers to grow enough food for everyone.
6. Making sure there is fair distribution of food to all areas.
7. Checking that the food industry follows rules for making and selling food.
8. Making plans to prevent food shortages in the future.

The phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it !!” relates to the photo essay on the Right to Food (on page 61) because it shows a situation where many people were hungry, even though there was plenty of food stored in government warehouses. This happened during the droughts in Rajasthan and Orissa in 2001. The government had lots of food, but it wasn’t reaching the people who needed it. Instead, rats were eating the stored grain.

To address this problem, the People’s Union of Civil Liberties took action. They filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court against the state governments responsible for the food distribution. The Supreme Court then ordered these governments to do several things: provide more job opportunities, sell food at cheaper prices, and give mid-day meals to children.

Important Topics Discussed in the Chapter

Important topics discussed in the chapter are:

• Role of Judiciary in India
• Independent Judiciary 
• Integrated Judicial System in India
• Judicial System: Challenges and Reform
• Structure of Courts In India
• Access To the Courts 
• Judicial Review in India
• Relationship Between Parliament and Judiciary
• Judicial Activism: Definition, Types,Examples & Facts

FAQs on NCERT Solutions For Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4: Judiciary

What is the significance of Chapter 4 in Class 8 political Science?

Chapter 4 in Class 8 political Science discusses the importance of understanding the role of the judiciary in protecting citizens’ rights and upholding the rule of law.

What are the important topics discussed in the chapter?

Important topics discussed in the chapter are:

• Role of Judiciary in India
• Independent Judiciary 
• Integrated Judicial System in India
• Judicial System: Challenges and Reform
• Structure of Courts In India
• Access To the Courts 
• Judicial Review in India
• Relationship Between Parliament and Judiciary
• Judicial Activism: Definition, Types,Examples & Facts

How do NCERT Solutions help in understanding Chapter 4 concepts?

NCERT Solutions provide comprehensive explanations, examples, and exercises to help students grasp the concepts of political science introduced in Chapter 4 effectively.

Where can I find the correct NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4 on the online platform?

The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4 can be found by the students on the GeeksforGeeks website. The NCERT Solutions are one of the best study materials which are available for students for free and students can rely on them for examination purposes.