Era of Coalitions| Class 12 Political Science

Era of Coalitions is a subpart of Chapter 8 which is known as the Recent Developments In Indian Politics. The Era of Coalitions describes Indian Politics where the parties do not realign based on their ideology but there was a sense of compromise as it was dynamic.

In this article, we are going to discuss the Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8 subpart, the Era of Coalitions in detail.

Era of Coalitions

The Era of Coalitions was started in Indian politics after the election of 1989. It was a time when any party had not received any majority in the central government. The period witnessed the rise of coalition governments where two or more political parties came forward to maintain the government of India. Here are some major facts of the Era of Coalitions as mentioned below.

• In this era, the political parties have not aligned with each other based on their political ideology.
• From 1989. there are almost 11 coalition governments established by supporting each other to handle the central power.
• The politics of the coalition government was dynamic and they tried to form the government and retain the power.
• It was a compromising situation for all parties as there was no rigid dogma present in it.
• There were so many diverse interests that were working successfully in the process of functioning the government.
• This type of government helps each other to meet the expectations of the country which came from the different groups of the system.

Reasons – Era of Coalitions

There were so many reasons of the Era of Coalitions in the Indian Politics as mentioned below.

To Secure The Majority Position

The main reason for the Era of Coalitions was the agenda to hold the majority position in the government. Every party thought that they would have the lead role to run the government. For this reason, they agreed to join and form a coalition government at this time.

To Create A Face Of The Credible Opponent

There were so many parties who joined the major opposition at the time to crate as the face of the opponent. They all try to show a credible open nature in front of the public to hold the power.

To Gain Electoral Support

During the voting time, the parties came together as a coalition to get more votes from the people. They thought that it would increase their public support which would be reflected in their individual vote bank.

Era of Coalitions – Major Features

Here are some major features of the Era of Coalitions as mentioned below.

• The Era of Coalitions witnessed a coalition government in the central that was temporary in nature. They came together to achieve the specific goals.
• The coalition governments are dynamic in nature and they can be dissolved at any time to form a new ruling government.
• The Era of Coalitions and the parties were in a compromising position as there was no place for the rigid dogma in it.
• There was a common interest between the parties and the only aim was to lead the government. For this reason, they came together.
• The was a high range of political legitimacy and for this, the parties came together to form a coalition government.
• There were so many political and ideological problems that happened at the end of the Era of Coalitions due to the leading position of the government.

Conclusion – Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8 Era of Coalitions

The Era of Coalitions was started in Indian politics after the election of 1989. It was a time when any party had not received any majority in the central government. Era of Coalitions is a subpart of Chapter 8 which is known as the Recent Developments In Indian Politics. In this article we have learned about the era of coalitions and the major causes of it in detail.

Era of Coalitions- FAQs

What is coalition government class 12?

A coalition government is a type of government where two or more political parties come together to form a government. In a coalition government, no single political party has a majority in the legislature, so parties must work together to pass legislation and govern the country.

What was the era of coalition government?

It existed from 24 March 1977 to 15 July 1979, headed by the Janata Party, an amalgam of political parties opposed to the emergency imposed between 1975 and 1977.

Who led the first coalition government?

With the approval of the Congress and CPI(M), the sitting chief minister of Karnataka, H. D. Deve Gowda, was asked to head the coalition as Prime Minister after V. P. Singh and Jyoti Basu declined. His term was from June 1, 1996 to April 21, 1997.

When and why did a long phase of coalition politics began in India Class 12?

Thus, with the elections of 1989, a long phase of coalition politics began in India. Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government.

Why Congress is known as an ideological coalition Class 12?

Many of these groups merged their identity within the Congress. Very often they did not and continued to exist within the Congress as groups and individuals holding different beliefs. In this sense the Congress was an ideological coalition as well.

Who was the Prime Minister of coalition government of 1989?

Shri Vishwanath Pratap Singh served as Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990. The Mandal Commission Report was implemented and the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Act of 1989 was passed during his tenure.