Traditional Notions: External| Class 12 Political Science Notes

Class 12 Political Science Notes Chapter 5 Traditional Notions: External discusses that the greatest threat to a country is from military threats. This danger comes from another country that endangers the core values of sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity by threatening military action. Cooperation is recognized in traditional security as a way to limit violence, including disarmament, arms control, and confidence-building measures. Formal alliances are created to coordinate actions against military threats.

In this article, we will look into the topic of Traditional Notions: External in detail. It is an important topic in Class 12 Political Science. Students can go through this article to get comprehensive notes on Class 12 Political Science Chapter 5 Traditional Notions: External.

What is Traditional Security?

Traditional security is the idea that the security of a state is mainly determined by its military strength and its ability to defend itself against external threats. This concept of security has been around for centuries and is still widely accepted today.

Several factors contribute to a state’s traditional security. These include the size and strength of its military, the quality of its weapons and equipment, and the level of training and experience of its soldiers. Additionally, a state’s economic strength, its political stability, and its relationships with other states also play a role in its traditional security.

Traditional security is important because it helps to protect a state from being invaded or conquered by another state. It also helps to deter other states from attacking a state’s territory or interests. Additionally, traditional security can help to maintain a state’s sovereignty and independence.

However, traditional security is not without its critics. Some argue that it is too focused on military strength and does not pay enough attention to other factors that contribute to security, such as economic development and social justice. Additionally, some critics argue that traditional security can lead to a state becoming too militaristic and aggressive.

Despite its critics, traditional security remains an important concept in international relations. It is a key component of the realist school of thought, which is one of the most influential schools of thought in international relations. Additionally, traditional security is still widely practiced by states around the world.

Traditional Notions: External

Traditional national security conceptions focus on military threats, which endangers sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. These threats also endanger ordinary citizens, often making them targets of war. Governments have three basic choices in response to war threats: surrender, prevent the other side from attacking by raising war costs, or defend themselves when war breaks out. Security policy focuses on preventing war through deterrence and limiting or ending it through defense.

Another component of traditional security policy is the balance of power. Countries are sensitive to the strength of neighboring countries, which can indicate potential future threats. Governments work to maintain a favourable balance of power with other countries, especially those with whom they have differences or have had conflicts in the past. Building up military power is a good part of maintaining this balance, but economic and technological power are also important as they form the basis for military power.

Other Components of Traditional Security

Alliance building is a crucial aspect of traditional security policy, where states form coalitions to deter or defend against military attacks. These alliances are formalized in written treaties and are based on national interests. They can change based on national interests, as seen in the US’s support for Afghan militants against the Soviet Union in the 1980s. In world politics, there is no acknowledged central authority, and the United Nations is a creation of its members. The threat of violence is regulated by the government within a country, while in world politics, each country is responsible for its own security. The United Nations is a creation of its members, and its authority is only granted to its members.

Conclusion – Class 12 Political Science Notes Chapter 5 Traditional Notions: External

In conclusion, traditional notions of external security focus on the military threats posed by other countries. These threats can endanger a country’s core values of sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. Governments can respond to these threats through deterrence, defense, balance of power, and alliance building. However, traditional notions of security have been challenged by the rise of non-traditional security threats, such as terrorism, climate change, and economic instability. These threats are not easily addressed through military means and require a more comprehensive approach to security.

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Traditional Notions: External- FAQs

What is the focus of Chapter 5 of Class 12 Political Science?

The chapter focuses on traditional notions of security, particularly external threats to states.

What are traditional notions of security?

Traditional notions of security refer to the protection of a state’s territorial integrity, sovereignty, and military defense against external threats.

What are examples of external threats to states?

External threats include military aggression, interstate conflicts, terrorism, and nuclear proliferation.

How do states traditionally address external threats?

States traditionally address external threats through military deterrence, alliances, and defense strategies.

What role do military forces play in traditional security?

Military forces serve as the primary means of defense and deterrence against external aggression in traditional security approaches.

How do traditional notions of security differ from non-traditional security?

Traditional security focuses on military threats and interstate conflicts, while non-traditional security encompasses a broader range of issues like climate change, pandemics, and cyber threats.

Why are traditional notions of security still relevant?

Traditional notions of security remain relevant due to persistent military threats and geopolitical tensions in the contemporary world.