Difference Between Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome

Difference Between Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome: Turner Syndrome and ​Klinefelter Syndrome​ are chromosomal disorders, caused by variations in the number of sex chromosomes. The main difference between Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome is that Turner syndrome is a monosomy (one X chromosome is missing) while Klinefelter syndrome is a trisomy (one extra X chromosome is present).

Differences Between Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome:

Feature	Turner Syndrome	Klinefelter Syndrome
Chromosomal Abnormality	Monosomy of counseling X chromosome (45 chromosomes with 44+XO)	Trisomy of the X chromosome (47 chromosomes with 44+XXY)
Gender Affected	Females	Males
Incidence	1 out of 2000 females is affected	1 out of 1000 males is affected
Physical Characteristics	Short stature, underdeveloped breasts, lack of secondary sexual characteristics	Masculine development with some feminine characteristics such as gynecomastia (development of breasts)
Treatment	Hormonal replacement therapy, Fertility treatment, and Psychological counseling	Testosterone replacement therapy, Removal of excess breast tissue, Fertility treatment, and Psychological counseling
Gonads	Gonads are absent or nonfunctional.	Gonads are present but atrophied.
Risks	Prone to diseases such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular problems, diabetes, and thyroid disorders.	Prone to diseases such as osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, breast cancer, and testicular cancer.

What is Turner Syndrome?

Turner syndrome is present in 1 out of 2000 females. This syndrome is caused due to the absence of one X chromosome and thus it is also known as ‘monosomy of the X chromosome’. A female suffering from Turner’s syndrome has 45 chromosomes with genotype 44+XO. The female suffering from Turner syndrome is short-statured and sterile having a rudimentary ovary (not well developed), underdeveloped breast, and lack of other secondary sexual characteristics. Turner syndrome is treated using hormonal replacement therapy.

What is Klinefelter Syndrome?

This syndrome is present in 1 out of 1000 males. This genetic disorder is caused due to the presence of an additional  X-chromosome resulting in a karyotype of 47 having genotype 44+XXY. An individual suffering from this syndrome is a male with feminine characteristics. Such an individual has overall masculine development, however, the feminine development (development of breast, i.e., Gynaecomastia) is also expressed. Such individuals are sterile and have low sperm counts. This syndrome can be cured by Hormonal Replacement Therapy and Removal of excess breast tissue.

FAQs on Turner and Klinefelter Syndrome

Q1: What are Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome?

Answer:

Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome are chromosomal disorders caused by variations in the number of sex chromosomes.

Q2: What is the chromosomal abnormality associated with Turner Syndrome?

Answer:

Turner Syndrome is caused by the absence of one X chromosome, also known as ‘monosomy of the X chromosome’.

Q3: What are some physical characteristics of females with Turner Syndrome?

Answer:

Females with Turner Syndrome are short-statured and sterile, with a rudimentary ovary (not well developed), underdeveloped breasts, and a lack of other secondary sexual characteristics.