Similarities between C and C++ are:
- Both the languages have a similar syntax.
- Code structure of both the languages are same.
- The compilation of both the languages is similar.
- They share the same basic syntax. Nearly all of C’s operators and keywords are also present in C++ and do the same thing.
- C++ has a slightly extended grammar than C, but the basic grammar is the same.
- Basic memory model of both is very close to the hardware.
- Same notions of stack, heap, file-scope and static variables are present in both the languages.
Differences between C and C++ are:
C++ can be said a superset of C. Major added features in C++ are Object-Oriented Programming, Exception Handling and rich C++ Library.
Below is the table of differences between C and C++:
C C++ C was developed by Dennis Ritchie between the year 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. C does no support polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance which means that C does not support object oriented programming. C++ supports polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance because it is an object oriented programming language. C is a subset of C++. C++ is a superset of C. C contains 32 keywords. C++ contains 63 keywords. For the development of code, C supports procedural programming. C++ is known as hybrid language because C++ supports both procedural and object oriented programming paradigms. Data and functions are separated in C because it is a procedural programming language. Data and functions are encapsulated together in form of an object in C++. C does not support information hiding. Data is hidden by the Encapsulation to ensure that data structures and operators are used as intended. Built-in data types is supported in C. Built-in & user-defined data types is supported in C++. C is a function driven language because C is a procedural programming language. C++ is an object driven language because it is an object oriented programming. Function and operator overloading is not supported in C. Function and operator overloading is supported by C++. C is a function-driven language. C++ is an object-driven language Functions in C are not defined inside structures. Functions can be used inside a structure in C++. Namespace features are not present inside the C. Namespace is used by C++, which avoid name collisions. Header file used by C is stdio.h. Header file used by C++ is iostream.h. Reference variables are not supported by C. Reference variables are supported by C++. Virtual and friend functions are not supported by C. Virtual and friend functions are supported by C++. C does not support inheritance. C++ supports inheritance. Instead of focusing on data, C focuses on method or process. C++ focuses on data instead of focusing on method or procedure. C provides malloc() and calloc() functions for dynamic memory allocation, and free() for memory de-allocation. C++ provides new operator for memory allocation and delete operator for memory de-allocation. Direct support for exception handling is not supported by C. Exception handling is supported by C++. scanf() and printf() functions are used for input/output in C. cin and cout are used for input/output in C++. C structures don’t have access modifiers. C ++ structures have access modifiers.
