Given a boolean matrix mat[M][N] of size M X N, modify it such that if a matrix cell mat[i][j] is 1 (or true) then make all the cells of ith row and jth column as 1.
Example 1 The matrix 1 0 0 0 should be changed to following 1 1 1 0 Example 2 The matrix 0 0 0 0 0 1 should be changed to following 0 0 1 1 1 1 Example 3 The matrix 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 should be changed to following 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
Method 1 (Use two temporary arrays)
1) Create two temporary arrays row[M] and col[N]. Initialize all values of row[] and col[] as 0.
2) Traverse the input matrix mat[M][N]. If you see an entry mat[i][j] as true, then mark row[i] and col[j] as true.
3) Traverse the input matrix mat[M][N] again. For each entry mat[i][j], check the values of row[i] and col[j]. If any of the two values (row[i] or col[j]) is true, then mark mat[i][j] as true.
Thanks to Dixit Sethi for suggesting this method.
C
#include <stdio.h>
#define R 3
#define C 4
void modifyMatrix(bool mat[R][C])
{
bool row[R];
bool col[C];
int i, j;
/* Initialize all values of row[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
row[i] = 0;
}
/* Initialize all values of col[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < C; i++)
{
col[i] = 0;
}
/* Store the rows and columns to be marked as 1 in row[] and col[]
arrays respectively */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if (mat[i][j] == 1)
{
row[i] = 1;
col[j] = 1;
}
}
}
/* Modify the input matrix mat[] using the above constructed row[] and
col[] arrays */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if ( row[i] == 1 || col[j] == 1 )
{
mat[i][j] = 1;
}
}
}
}
/* A utility function to print a 2D matrix */
void printMatrix(bool mat[R][C])
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
printf("%d ", mat[i][j]);
}
printf("n");
}
}
/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main()
{
bool mat[R][C] = { {1, 0, 0, 1},
{0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0},
};
printf("Input Matrix n");
printMatrix(mat);
modifyMatrix(mat);
printf("Matrix after modification n");
printMatrix(mat);
return 0;
}
Java
// Java Code For A Boolean Matrix Question
class GFG
{
public static void modifyMatrix(int mat[ ][ ], int R, int C)
{
int row[ ]= new int [R];
int col[ ]= new int [C];
int i, j;
/* Initialize all values of row[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
row[i] = 0;
}
/* Initialize all values of col[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < C; i++)
{
col[i] = 0;
}
/* Store the rows and columns to be marked as
1 in row[] and col[] arrays respectively */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if (mat[i][j] == 1)
{
row[i] = 1;
col[j] = 1;
}
}
}
/* Modify the input matrix mat[] using the
above constructed row[] and col[] arrays */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if ( row[i] == 1 || col[j] == 1 )
{
mat[i][j] = 1;
}
}
}
}
/* A utility function to print a 2D matrix */
public static void printMatrix(int mat[ ][ ], int R, int C)
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
System.out.print(mat[i][j]+ " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
/* Driver program to test above functions */
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int mat[ ][ ] = { {1, 0, 0, 1},
{0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0},};
System.out.println("Matrix Intially");
printMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
modifyMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
System.out.println("Matrix after modification n");
printMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
}
}
// This code is contributed by Kamal Rawal
Python3
# Python3 Code For A Boolean Matrix Question
R = 3
C = 4
def modifyMatrix(mat):
row = [0] * R
col = [0] * C
# Initialize all values of row[] as 0
for i in range(0, R):
row[i] = 0
# Initialize all values of col[] as 0
for i in range(0, C) :
col[i] = 0
# Store the rows and columns to be marked
# as 1 in row[] and col[] arrays respectively
for i in range(0, R) :
for j in range(0, C) :
if (mat[i][j] == 1) :
row[i] = 1
col[j] = 1
# Modify the input matrix mat[] using the
# above constructed row[] and col[] arrays
for i in range(0, R) :
for j in range(0, C):
if ( row[i] == 1 or col[j] == 1 ) :
mat[i][j] = 1
# A utility function to print a 2D matrix
def printMatrix(mat) :
for i in range(0, R):
for j in range(0, C) :
print(mat[i][j], end = " ")
print()
# Driver Code
mat = [ [1, 0, 0, 1],
[0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0] ]
print("Input Matrix n")
printMatrix(mat)
modifyMatrix(mat)
print("Matrix after modification n")
printMatrix(mat)
# This code is contributed by Nikita Tiwari.
C#
// C# Code For A Boolean
// Matrix Question
using System;
class GFG
{
public static void modifyMatrix(int [,]mat,
int R, int C)
{
int []row = new int [R];
int []col = new int [C];
int i, j;
/* Initialize all values
of row[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
row[i] = 0;
}
/* Initialize all values
of col[] as 0 */
for (i = 0; i < C; i++)
{
col[i] = 0;
}
/* Store the rows and columns
to be marked as 1 in row[]
and col[] arrays respectively */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if (mat[i, j] == 1)
{
row[i] = 1;
col[j] = 1;
}
}
}
/* Modify the input matrix
mat[] using the above
constructed row[] and
col[] arrays */
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
if (row[i] == 1 || col[j] == 1)
{
mat[i, j] = 1;
}
}
}
}
/* A utility function to
print a 2D matrix */
public static void printMatrix(int [,]mat,
int R, int C)
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < R; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < C; j++)
{
Console.Write(mat[i, j] + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
// Driver code
static public void Main ()
{
int [,]mat = {{1, 0, 0, 1},
{0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0}};
Console.WriteLine("Matrix Intially");
printMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
modifyMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
Console.WriteLine("Matrix after "+
"modification n");
printMatrix(mat, 3, 4);
}
}
// This code is contributed by ajit
Output:
Input Matrix 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Matrix after modification 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
Time Complexity: O(M*N)
Auxiliary Space: O(M + N)
Method 2 (A Space Optimized Version of Method 1)
This method is a space optimized version of above method 1. This method uses the first row and first column of the input matrix in place of the auxiliary arrays row[] and col[] of method 1. So what we do is: first take care of first row and column and store the info about these two in two flag variables rowFlag and colFlag. Once we have this info, we can use first row and first column as auxiliary arrays and apply method 1 for submatrix (matrix excluding first row and first column) of size (M-1)*(N-1).
1) Scan the first row and set a variable rowFlag to indicate whether we need to set all 1s in first row or not.
2) Scan the first column and set a variable colFlag to indicate whether we need to set all 1s in first column or not.
3) Use first row and first column as the auxiliary arrays row[] and col[] respectively, consider the matrix as submatrix starting from second row and second column and apply method 1.
4) Finally, using rowFlag and colFlag, update first row and first column if needed.
Time Complexity: O(M*N)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Thanks to Sidh for suggesting this method.
C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define R 3
#define C 4
void modifyMatrix(int mat[R][C])
{
// variables to check if there are any 1
// in first row and column
bool row_flag = false;
bool col_flag = false;
// updating the first row and col if 1
// is encountered
for (int i = 0; i < R; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < C; j++) {
if (i == 0 && mat[i][j] == 1)
row_flag = true;
if (j == 0 && mat[i][j] == 1)
col_flag = true;
if (mat[i][j] == 1) {
mat[0][j] = 1;
mat[i][0] = 1;
}
}
}
// Modify the input matrix mat[] using the
// first row and first column of Matrix mat
for (int i = 1; i < R; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j < C; j++) {
if (mat[0][j] == 1 || mat[i][0] == 1) {
mat[i][j] = 1;
}
}
}
// modify first row if there was any 1
if (row_flag == true) {
for (int i = 0; i < C; i++) {
mat[0][i] = 1;
}
}
// modify first col if there was any 1
if (col_flag == true) {
for (int i = 0; i < R; i++) {
mat[i][0] = 1;
}
}
}
/* A utility function to print a 2D matrix */
void printMatrix(int mat[R][C])
{
for (int i = 0; i < R; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < C; j++) {
cout << mat[i][j];
}
cout << "\n";
}
}
// Driver function to test the above function
int main()
{
int mat[R][C] = { { 1, 0, 0, 1 },
{ 0, 0, 1, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 } };
cout << "Input Matrix :\n";
printMatrix(mat);
modifyMatrix(mat);
cout << "Matrix After Modification :\n";
printMatrix(mat);
return 0;
}
// This code is contributed by Nikita Tiwari
Java
class GFG
{
public static void modifyMatrix(int mat[][]){
// variables to check if there are any 1
// in first row and column
boolean row_flag = false;
boolean col_flag = false;
// updating the first row and col if 1
// is encountered
for (int i = 0; i < mat.length; i++ ){
for (int j = 0; j < mat[0].length; j++){
if (i == 0 && mat[i][j] == 1)
row_flag = true;
if (j == 0 && mat[i][j] == 1)
col_flag = true;
if (mat[i][j] == 1){
mat[0][j] = 1;
mat[i][0] = 1;
}
}
}
// Modify the input matrix mat[] using the
// first row and first column of Matrix mat
for (int i = 1; i < mat.length; i ++){
for (int j = 1; j < mat[0].length; j ++){
if (mat[0][j] == 1 || mat[i][0] == 1){
mat[i][j] = 1;
}
}
}
// modify first row if there was any 1
if (row_flag == true){
for (int i = 0; i < mat[0].length; i++){
mat[0][i] = 1;
}
}
// modify first col if there was any 1
if (col_flag == true){
for (int i = 0; i < mat.length; i ++){
mat[i][0] = 1;
}
}
}
/* A utility function to print a 2D matrix */
public static void printMatrix(int mat[][]){
for (int i = 0; i < mat.length; i ++){
for (int j = 0; j < mat[0].length; j ++){
System.out.print( mat[i][j] );
}
System.out.println("");
}
}
// Driver function to test the above function
public static void main(String args[] ){
int mat[][] = {{1, 0, 0, 1},
{0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 0, 0}};
System.out.println("Input Matrix :");
printMatrix(mat);
modifyMatrix(mat);
System.out.println("Matrix After Modification :");
printMatrix(mat);
}
}
// This code is contributed by Arnav Kr. Mandal.
Python3
# Python3 Code For A Boolean Matrix Question
def modifyMatrix(mat) :
# variables to check if there are any 1
# in first row and column
row_flag = False
col_flag = False
# updating the first row and col
# if 1 is encountered
for i in range(0, len(mat)) :
for j in range(0, len(mat)) :
if (i == 0 and mat[i][j] == 1) :
row_flag = True
if (j == 0 and mat[i][j] == 1) :
col_flag = True
if (mat[i][j] == 1) :
mat[0][j] = 1
mat[i][0] = 1
# Modify the input matrix mat[] using the
# first row and first column of Matrix mat
for i in range(1, len(mat)) :
for j in range(1, len(mat) + 1) :
if (mat[0][j] == 1 or mat[i][0] == 1) :
mat[i][j] = 1
# modify first row if there was any 1
if (row_flag == True) :
for i in range(0, len(mat)) :
mat[0][i] = 1
# modify first col if there was any 1
if (col_flag == True) :
for i in range(0, len(mat)) :
mat[i][0] = 1
# A utility function to print a 2D matrix
def printMatrix(mat) :
for i in range(0, len(mat)) :
for j in range(0, len(mat) + 1) :
print( mat[i][j], end = "" )
print()
# Driver Code
mat = [ [1, 0, 0, 1],
[0, 0, 1, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0] ]
print("Input Matrix :")
printMatrix(mat)
modifyMatrix(mat)
print("Matrix After Modification :")
printMatrix(mat)
# This code is contributed by Nikita tiwari.
Output:
Input Matrix : 1001 0010 0000 Matrix After Modification : 1111 1111 1011
Please write comments if you find the above codes/algorithms incorrect, or find other ways to solve the same problem.
Improved By : jit_t
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