Testing FastAPI Application

The web framework in Python that is used for creating modern and fast APIs is called FastAPI. Once we have created the FastAPI, there is a need to test if the API is working fine or not according to the requirements. In this article, we will discuss the various ways to test the FastAPI application.

Testing FastAPI Application

Below are the methods by which we can test FastAPI applications:

• Using TestClient library
• Using Requests library

Using TestClient Library

The HTTPX-based library which is used to call the asynchronous FastAPI application is known as the TestClient library. In this method, we will see how we can test FastAPI applications using the TestClient library.

Syntax

client = TestClient(app)

def function_name():

response = client.get(“/”)

assert response.status_code == status_code

assert response.json() == {“msg”: “Message_FastAPI”}

Here,

• function_name: It is the name of the function which you want to call while testing.
• status_code: It is the HTTP status code which we want to display to user along with message.
• Message_FastAPI: It is the messages shown to user along with the response.

Example: In this example, we are creating a function which returns a certain message and then we are matching that message with other message defined using TestClient.

Python3

# Import the FastAPI and TestClient libraries
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

# Create a FastAPI application
app = FastAPI()

# Call FastAPI using Pydantic
@app.get("/")
async def read_main():
    return {"msg": "Welcome to Geeks For Geeks"}

# Create a Test Client for FastAPI app
client = TestClient(app)

# Test FastAPI using TestClient
def test_read_main():
    response = client.get("/")
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"msg": "Welcome to Geeks For Geeks"}

Now, open the terminal and run the following command to test the FastAPI application created.

pytest main.py

Output

Using Requests Library

The library which is used to send HTTP requests using Python is known as requests library. In this method, we will see how we can test FastAPI applications using requests library. For testing FastAPI applications using requests library, the user needs to create a separate test file.

Syntax

import requests

print(requests.get(“http://127.0.0.1:8000/”).json())

Example: In this example, we have created a function with two messages, msg and test_msg, which we are checking if these messages are same, then ‘Test Passed’ message is displayed, else ‘Test Failed’ message is displayed.

Python3

# Import the FastAPI library
from fastapi import FastAPI

# Create a FastAPI application
app = FastAPI()

# Call FastAPI using Pydantic
@app.get("/")
async def read_main():
    msg="Welcome to Geeks For Geeks"
    test_msg="Welcome to Geeks For Geeks"
    if msg==test_msg:
        return {"msg": "Test Passed"}
    else:
        return {"msg": "Test Failed"}

Now, open the terminal and run the following command to run your FastAPI application. This command will also let the app to reload in case of any changes made in app.

uvicorn main:app --reload

test.py: This file is used created to test the above main file program.

Python3

# Import the requests library
import requests

# Test FastAPI using requests library
print(requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000/").json())

Output