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SQL Interview Questions | Set 1

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Que-1: Difference between blocking and deadlocking.

  • Blocking:
    Blocking occurs is a transaction tries to acquire an incompatible lock on a resource that another transaction has already locked. The blocked transaction remain blocked until the blocking transaction releases the lock.
  • Deadlocking:
    Deadlocking occurs when two or more transactions have a resource locked, and each transaction requests a lock on the resource that another transaction has already locked. Neither of the transactions here can more forward, as each one is waiting for the other to release the lock.

Que-2: Delete duplicate data from table only first data remains constant.

Managers –

Id Name Salary
1 Harpreet 20000
2 Ravi 30000
3 Vinay 10000
4 Ravi 30000
5 Harpreet 20000
6 Vinay 10000
7 Rajeev 40000
8 Vinay 10000
9 Ravi 30000
10 Sanjay 50000

Query –

DELETE M1 
From managers M1, managers M2 
Where M2.Name = M1.Name AND M1.Id>M2.Id; 

Output –

Id Name Salary
1 Harpreet 20000
2 Ravi 30000
3 Vinay 10000
7 Rajeev 40000
10 Sanjay 50000

Que-3: Find the Name of Employees.

Finding the name of Employees where First Name, Second Name and Last Name is given in table. Some Name is missing such as First Name, Second Name and may be Last Name. Here we will use COALESCE() function which will return first Non Null values.

Employees –

ID FName SName LName Salary
1 Har preet Singh 30000
2 Ashu NULL Rana 50000
3 NULL Vinay Thakur 40000
4 NULL Vinay NULL 10000
5 NULL NULL Rajveer 60000
6 Manjeet Singh NULL 60000

Query –

SELECT ID, COALESCE(FName, SName, LName) as Name 
FROM employees; 

Output –

Que-4: Find the Employees who hired in the Last n months.

Finding the Employees who have been hire in the last n months. Here we get desire output by using TIMESTAMPDIFF() mysql function.

Employees –

ID FName LName Gender Salary Hiredate
1 Rajveer Singh Male 30000 2017/11/05
2 Manveer Singh Male 50000 2017/11/05
3 Ashutosh Kumar Male 40000 2017/12/12
4 Ankita Sharma Female 45000 2017/12/15
5 Vijay Kumar Male 50000 2018/01/12
6 Dilip Yadav Male 25000 2018/02/26
7 Jayvijay Singh Male 30000 2018/02/18
8 Reenu Kumari Female 40000 2017/09/19
9 Ankit Verma Male 25000 2018/04/04
10 Harpreet Singh Male 50000 2017/10/10

Query –

Select *, TIMESTAMPDIFF (month, Hiredate, current_date()) as DiffMonth 
From employees
Where TIMESTAMPDIFF (month, Hiredate, current_date()) 
Between 1 and 5 Order by Hiredate desc; 

Note – Here in query 1 and 5 are indicates 1 to n months.which show the Employees who have hired last 1 to 5 months. In this query DiffMonth is a extra column for our understanding which show the Nth months.

Output –

Que-5: Find the Employees who hired in the Last n days.

Finding the Employees who have been hire in the last n days. Here we get desire output by using DATEDIFF() mysql function.


Employees –

ID FName LName Gender Salary Hiredate
1 Rajveer Singh Male 30000 2017/11/05
2 Manveer Singh Male 50000 2017/11/05
3 Ashutosh Kumar Male 40000 2017/12/12
4 Ankita Sharma Female 45000 2017/12/15
5 Vijay Kumar Male 50000 2018/01/12
6 Dilip Yadav Male 25000 2018/02/26
7 Jayvijay Singh Male 30000 2018/02/18
8 Reenu Kumari Female 40000 2017/09/19
9 Ankit Verma Male 25000 2018/04/04
10 Harpreet Singh Male 50000 2017/10/10

Query –

Select *, DATEDIFF (current_date(), Hiredate) as DiffDay 
From employees
Where DATEDIFF (current_date(), Hiredate) between 1 and 100 order by Hiredate desc; 

Note – Here in query 1 and 100 are indicates 1 to n days.which show the Employees who have hired last 1 to 100 days. In this query DiffDay is a extra column for our understanding which show the Nth days.

Output –

Que-6: Find the Employees who hired in the Last n years.

Finding the Employees who have been hire in the last n years. Here we get desire output by using TIMESTAMPDIFF() mysql function.

Employees –

ID FName LName Gender Salary Hiredate
1 Rajveer Singh Male 30000 2010/11/05
2 Manveer Singh Male 50000 2017/11/05
3 Ashutosh Kumar Male 40000 2015/12/12
4 Ankita Sharma Female 45000 2016/12/15
5 Vijay Kumar Male 50000 2017/01/12
6 Dilip Yadav Male 25000 2011/02/26
7 Jayvijay Singh Male 30000 2012/02/18
8 Reenu Kumari Female 40000 2013/09/19
9 Ankit Verma Male 25000 2017/04/04
10 Harpreet Singh Male 50000 2017/10/10

Query –

Select *, TIMESTAMPDIFF (year, Hiredate, current_date()) as DiffYear 
From employees
Where TIMESTAMPDIFF (year, Hiredate, current_date()) between 1 and 4 order by Hiredate desc; 

Note – Here in query 1 and 4 are indicates 1 to n years.which show the Employees who have hired last 1 to 4 years. In this query DiffYear is a extra column for our understanding which show the Nth years.

Output –

Que-7: Select all names that start with a given letter.

Here we get desire output by using three different query.

Employees –

ID FName LName Gender Salary Hiredate
1 Rajveer Singh Male 30000 2010/11/05
2 Manveer Singh Male 50000 2017/11/05
3 Ashutosh Kumar Male 40000 2015/12/12
4 Ankita Sharma Female 45000 2016/12/15
5 Vijay Kumar Male 50000 2017/01/12
6 Dilip Yadav Male 25000 2011/02/26
7 Jayvijay Singh Male 30000 2012/02/18
8 Reenu Kumari Female 40000 2013/09/19
9 Ankit Verma Male 25000 2017/04/04
10 Harpreet Singh Male 50000 2017/10/10

Query –

Select *
From employees 
Where Fname like 'A%';

Select *
From employees 
Where left(FName, 1)='A';

Select *
From employees 
Where substring(FName, 1, 1)='A'; 

Note – Here every query will give same output and the list of Employees who’s FName start with letter A.

Refer for – SQL Interview Questions | Set 2



Last Updated : 07 Aug, 2018
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