Plotting of Data using Generic plots in R Programming – plot() Function
Last Updated :
19 Dec, 2023
In this article, we will discuss how we plot data using Generic plots in R Programming Language using plot() Function.
plot function
plot() function in R Programming Language is defined as a generic function for plotting. It can be used to create basic graphs of a different type.
Syntax: plot(x, y, type)
ParametersÂ
- x and y: coordinates of points to plot
- type: the type of graph to create
Returns: different type of plots
Draw Points using plot() Function in RÂ
Output:
plot() Function in R
Draw Multiple Points
R
plot ( c (1, 3, 4), c (4, 5 , 8))
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Output:
plot() Function in R
Draw Sequences of Points
Output:
plot() Function in R
R program to plot a graph
R
x <- 1:5
y <- x * x
plot (x, y, type = "l" , col = "blue" , lwd = 2, xlab = "X-axis" ,
ylab = "Y-axis" , main = "Quadratic Function" )
grid ()
points (x, y, col = "red" , pch = 16)
legend ( "topleft" , legend = "y = x^2" , col = "blue" , lty = 1, lwd = 2, pch = 16)
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Output:Â
plot() Function in R
In this code we creates a line plot with labeled axes, a title, grid lines, and additional points.
col
: Specifies the color of the line,lwd
: Sets the line width,xlab
and ylab
: Label the x-axis and y-axis, respectively.
main
: Adds a title to the plot,grid()
: Adds grid lines to the plot,points()
: Adds points to the plot to highlight the data.
legend()
: Adds a legend to the plot.
R program to Customize graph
R
x <- 1:5
y <- x * x
plot (x, y, type = "b" , col = "blue" , pch = 16, lty = 2,
main = "Quadratic Function" , xlab = "X-axis" , ylab = "Y-axis" )
grid ()
points (x, y, col = "red" , pch = 16)
legend ( "topleft" , legend = "y = x^2" , col = "blue" , pch = 16, lty = 2)
title (main = "Quadratic Function" , sub = "y = x^2" , col.main = "blue" ,
col.sub = "red" , font.main = 4, cex.main = 1.2, cex.sub = 0.8)
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Output:
plot() Function in R
In this code we creates a quadratic function plot with blue points connected by dashed lines. It includes a title, axis labels, grid lines, red-highlighted data points, and a legend indicating the equation 2y=x2. The main title and subtitle have custom colors and font styles for improved visualization.
Multiple Plots In R
R
x <- 1:5
y1 <- x * x
y2 <- 2 * x
y3 <- x^2 - 3
par (mfrow = c (2, 2))
plot (x, y1, type = "b" , col = "blue" , pch = 16,
main = "Plot 1" , xlab = "X-axis" , ylab = "Y-axis" )
plot (x, y2, type = "o" , col = "green" , pch = 17,
main = "Plot 2" , xlab = "X-axis" , ylab = "Y-axis" )
plot (x, y3, type = "l" , col = "red" , lty = 2,
main = "Plot 3" , xlab = "X-axis" , ylab = "Y-axis" )
par (mfrow = c (1, 1))
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Output:
plot() Function in R
par(mfrow = c(2, 2))
is like setting up a grid of 2 rows and 2 columns for your plots. This means we can create four plots, and they will be arranged in a 2×2 grid.
- Each time we use the
plot
function after setting up the grid, it adds a new plot to one of the grid positions. Each plot can have different data and visual styles.
- This ensures that any future plots you make won’t be constrained to the grid; they’ll be displayed as standalone plots.
Overlaying Graphs using plot function
R
x <- 1:5
y1 <- x * x
y2 <- 2 * x
y3 <- x^2 - 3
plot (x, y1, type = "b" , col = "blue" , pch = 16, main = "Overlaying Graphs" ,
xlab = "X-axis" , ylab = "Y-axis" )
points (x, y2, col = "green" , pch = 17)
lines (x, y3, col = "red" , lty = 2)
legend ( "topleft" , legend = c ( "y = x^2" , "y = 2x" , "y = x^2 - 3" ),
col = c ( "blue" , "green" , "red" ), pch = c (16, 17, NA ), lty = c (1, 1, 2))
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Output:
plot() Function in R
In this example the plot
function is used to create the first graph. the points
function overlays points from the second graph on the existing plot.
The lines
function overlays a line from the third graph on the existing plot. legend
adds a legend to distinguish between different datasets.
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