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How to write Multi-Line Strings in PHP ?

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Multi-Line Strings can be written in PHP using the following ways.

  1. Using escape sequences: We can use the \n escape sequences to declare multiple lines in a string.

    PHP Code:

    PHP




    <?php
          //declaring multiple lines using the new line escape sequence
        $var="Geeks\nFor\nGeeks";
        echo $var;
    ?>

    
    

    Output:

    Geeks
    For
    Geeks
  2. Using concatenation assignment operator: We can use the concatenation assignment operator .= to concatenate two strings and the PHP_EOL to mark the end of the line.

    PHP Code:

    PHP




    <?php
        $s1="Geeks". PHP_EOL;//PHP_EOL marks end of line so that
        $s2="For". PHP_EOL;//next string get concatenated as new line
        $s3="Geeks";
        $s1.=$s2.=$s3;//concatenating the string into $s1
        echo $s1;//printing final concatenated string
    ?>

    
    

    Output:

    Geeks
    For
    Geeks
  3. Using Heredoc and Nowdoc Syntax: We can use the PHP Heredoc or the PHP Nowdoc syntax to write multiple-line string variables directly. The difference between heredoc and nowdoc is that heredoc uses double-quoted strings. Parsing is done inside a heredoc for escape sequences, etc whereas a nowdoc uses single-quoted strings, and hence parsing is not performed.

    Note: The delimiter in the heredoc and nowdoc syntaxes must always be at the beginning of a line without any spaces, characters, etc. 

    PHP Code: 

    PHP




    <?php
        // code
      //Heredoc variable
      $s1=<<<EOD
      Geeks
      \tFor
      Geeks
    EOD;
    echo $s1;
      echo"\n";
      //Nowdoc variable
      $s2=<<<'EOT'
      Geeks
      \tFor
      Geeks
    EOT;
    echo $s2
    ?>

    
    

    Output:

     Geeks
          For
      Geeks
      Geeks
      \tFor
      Geeks

References: https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php#language.types.string.syntax.nowdoc, https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/php-strings/



Last Updated : 21 May, 2021
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