How OSPF Calculate the Best Route?

Answer: OSPF calculates the best route using the Dijkstra algorithm based on the lowest cumulative cost path.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), that routing protocol very good for choosing the bestest route for data packets to follow from one router to another. It calculates shortest path by considering many many parameters through its algorithm.

1. Cost Calculation: OSPF, it uses link bandwidth between routers play; each link, it gets assigned a cost value, like that links with higher bandwidths they have lower costs means fast path prefer.
2. Link State Advertisements (LSAs): OSPF routers share same information about their network, they do it by these Link State Advertisements. A separate LSA gets generate by each router, and this contains information specific about links directly connected to it both like IP address of interface and costs of links. Routers exchange these LSAs throughout network more and more allowing every router map of network topology many times.
3. Dijkstra’s Shortest Path First (SPF) Algorithm: SPF Algorithm from Dijkstra, OSPF it uses that algorithm for computing the shortest path tree to each router to every other router in network. This algorithm it follows some steps to find shortest way from a home router to every other routers in network; it start by selecting next node with smallest cost cumulative and continue till all nodes visited.
4. Formation of Routing Tables: The fourth step in OSPF operation is building routing tables using existing short path tree. According to this, the selection every destination made by individual routers keeping in mind their positional setup on this tree and taking in total costs.
5. Selection of Route: Here OSPF it selects its top top route by choosing one with minimum total point to point cost through them lines route starting from source hop-by-hop routing.

All these activities by OSPF ensure that routing it so effectual on them because they can automatically change due to topology changes and link conditions, offering most reliable and most efficient paths for data packets.