How does a computer get its MAC and IP addresses?

Answer: A computer obtains its MAC address from its network interface card (NIC) and its IP address from a DHCP server or manual configuration & both addresses are essential for network communication.

A computer obtains its MAC (Media Access Control) address from its network interface card (NIC), which is a unique identifier assigned to the hardware. The MAC address is typically hardcoded into the NIC by the manufacturer and remains unchanged throughout the device’s lifetime.

On the other hand, the computer gets its IP (Internet Protocol) address from a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server or through manual configuration. DHCP servers automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network, ensuring efficient utilization of available addresses and simplifying network management. Alternatively, IP addresses can be manually configured, especially in scenarios where a static address is preferred or DHCP is unavailable.

Both MAC and IP addresses are essential for network communication. The MAC address is crucial for identifying the physical hardware on the network, facilitating local communication and ensuring data is delivered to the correct device within the same network segment. Meanwhile, the IP address is necessary for routing data across networks, enabling communication between devices located on different networks.

In conclusion, while the MAC address identifies the hardware and the IP address identifies the network location, both are essential components of networking protocols, ensuring seamless communication within and across networks.