Find the number of p-sided squares in a grid with K blacks painted

Given a grid of size H*W with all cells initially white. Given N pairs (i, j) in an array, for each pair, paint cell (i, j) with black colour. The task is to determine how many squares of size p×p of the grid contains exactly K black cells, after N cells being painted.

Examples: 

Input: H = 4, W = 5,
      N = 8, K = 4, p = 3 
      arr=[ (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 4), 
            (1, 5), (2, 3), (1, 1), (1, 4) ]
Output: 4
Cells the are being painted are shown in the figure below:
Here p = 3. 
There are six subrectangles of size 3*3. 
Two of them contain three black cells each, 
and the remaining four contain four black cells each.


Input: H = 1, W = 1, 
       N = 1, K = 1, p = 1
       arr=[ (1, 1) ]
Output: 1

Approach:



  • First thing to observe is that one p*p sub-grid will be different from the other if their starting points are different.
  • Second thing is that if the cell is painted black, it will contribute to p^2 different p*p sub-grids.
  • For example, suppose cell [i, j] is painted black. Then it will contribute additional +1 to all the subgrids having starting point
    [i-p+1][j-p+1] to [i, j].
  • Since there can be at most N blacks, for each black cell do p*p iterations and update its contribution for each p*p sub-grids.
  • Keep a map to keep track of answer for each cell of the grid.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

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// C++ implementation of the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
  
// Function to check if a cell is safe or not
bool isSafe(int x, int y, int h, int w, int p)
{
    if (x >= 1 and x <= h) {
        if (y >= 1 and y <= w) {
            if (x + p - 1 <= h) {
                if (y + p - 1 <= w) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}
  
// Function to print the number of p-sided squares 
// having k blacks
void CountSquares(int h, int w, int n, int k,
        int p, vector<pair<int, int> > painted)
{
    // Map to keep track for each cell that is
    // being affected by other blacks
    map<pair<int, int>, int> mp;
    for (int i = 0; i < painted.size(); ++i) {
        int x = painted[i].first;
        int y = painted[i].second;
  
        // For a particular row x and column y, 
        // it will affect all the cells starting
        // from row = x-p+1 and column = y-p+1 
        // and ending at x, y
        // hence there will be total 
        // of p^2 different cells
        for (int j = x - p + 1; j <= x; ++j) {
            for (int k = y - p + 1; k <= y; ++k) {
  
                // If the cell is safe
                if (isSafe(j, k, h, w, p)) {
                    pair<int, int> temp = { j, k };
  
                    // No need to increase the value
                    // as there is no sense of paint 
                    // 2 blacks in one cell
                    if (mp[temp] >= p * p)
                        continue; 
                    else
                        mp[temp]++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
  
    // Answer array to store the answer.
    int ans[p * p + 1]; 
    memset(ans, 0, sizeof ans);
    for (auto& x : mp) {
        int cnt = x.second;
        ans[cnt]++;
    }
  
    // sum variable to store sum for all the p*p sub
    // grids painted with 1 black, 2 black, 
    // 3 black, ..., p^2 blacks,
    // Since there is no meaning in painting p*p sub
    // grid with p^2+1 or more blacks
    int sum = 0; 
    for (int i = 1; i <= p * p; ++i)
        sum = sum + ans[i];
  
    // There will be total of 
    // (h-p+1) * (w-p+1), p*p sub grids
    int total = (h - p + 1) * (w - p + 1); 
    ans[0] = total - sum;
    cout << ans[k] << endl;
    return;
}
  
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int H = 4, W = 5, N = 8, K = 4, P = 3;
    vector<pair<int, int> > painted;
  
    // Initializing matrix
    painted.push_back({ 3, 1 });
    painted.push_back({ 3, 2 });
    painted.push_back({ 3, 4 });
    painted.push_back({ 4, 4 });
    painted.push_back({ 1, 5 });
    painted.push_back({ 2, 3 });
    painted.push_back({ 1, 1 });
    painted.push_back({ 1, 4 });
  
    CountSquares(H, W, N, K, P, painted);
    return 0;
}

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# Python3 implementation of the above approach 


  


# Function to check if a cell is safe or not 


def isSafe(x, y, h, w, p): 


    if (x >= 1 and x <= h): 


        if (y >= 1 and y <= w): 


            if (x + p - 1 <= h): 


                if (y + p - 1 <= w): 


                    return True


    return False


  


# Function to prthe number of p-sided squares 


# having k blacks 


def CountSquares(h, w, n, k, p, painted): 


      


    # Map to keep track for each cell that is 


    # being affected by other blacks 


    mp = dict() 


    for i in range(len(painted)): 


        x = painted[i][0] 


        y = painted[i][1] 


  


        # For a particular row x and column y, 


        # it will affect all the cells starting 


        # from row = x-p+1 and column = y-p+1 


        # and ending at x, y 


        # hence there will be total 


        # of p^2 different cells 


        for j in range(x - p + 1, x + 1): 


            for k in range(y - p + 1, y + 1): 


  


                # If the cell is safe 


                if (isSafe(j, k, h, w, p)): 


                    temp = (j, k) 


  


                    # No need to increase the value 


                    # as there is no sense of pa 


                    # 2 blacks in one cell 


                    if (temp in mp.keys() and mp[temp] >= p * p): 


                        continue


                    else: 


                        mp[temp] = mp.get(temp, 0) + 1


  


    # Answer array to store the answer. 


    ans = [0 for i in range(p * p + 1)] 


      


    # memset(ans, 0, sizeof ans) 


    for x in mp: 


        cnt = mp[x] 


        ans[cnt] += 1


  


    # Sum variable to store Sum for all the p*p sub 


    # grids painted with 1 black, 2 black, 


    # 3 black, ..., p^2 blacks, 


    # Since there is no meaning in painting p*p sub 


    # grid with p^2+1 or more blacks 


    Sum = 0


    for i in range(1, p * p + 1): 


        Sum = Sum + ans[i] 


  


    # There will be total of 


    # (h-p+1) * (w-p+1), p*p sub grids 


    total = (h - p + 1) * (w - p + 1) 


    ans[0] = total - Sum


    print(ans[k]) 


    return


  


# Driver code 


H = 4


W = 5


N = 8


K = 4


P = 3


painted = [] 


  


# Initializing matrix 


painted.append([ 3, 1 ]) 


painted.append([ 3, 2 ]) 


painted.append([ 3, 4 ]) 


painted.append([ 4, 4 ]) 


painted.append([ 1, 5 ]) 


painted.append([ 2, 3 ]) 


painted.append([ 1, 1 ]) 


painted.append([ 1, 4 ]) 


  


CountSquares(H, W, N, K, P, painted) 


      


# This code is contributed by Mohit Kumar 



















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Output:


4





 Time Complexity :  O(N*p*p)



          
          
          
          

            

    

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    Article Tags : 
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Practice Tags : 
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