Find n-th node in Postorder traversal of a Binary Tree

Given a Binary tree and a number N, write a program to find the N-th node in the Postorder traversal of the given Binary tree.

Prerequisite: Tree Traversal

Examples:



Input : N = 4
              11
            /   \
           21    31
         /   \
        41     51
Output : 31
Explanation: Postorder Traversal of given Binary Tree is 41 51 21 31 11, 
so 4th node will be 31.

Input : N = 5
             25
           /    \
          20    30
        /    \ /   \
      18    22 24   32
Output : 32

The idea to solve this problem is to do postorder traversal of the given binary tree and keep track of the count of nodes visited while traversing the tree and print the current node when the count becomes equal to N.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

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// C++ program to find n-th node of
// Postorder Traversal of Binary Tree
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
  
// node of tree
struct Node {
    int data;
    Node *left, *right;
};
  
// function to create a new node
struct Node* createNode(int item)
{
    Node* temp = new Node;
    temp->data = item;
    temp->left = NULL;
    temp->right = NULL;
  
    return temp;
}
  
// function to find the N-th node in the postorder
// traversal of a given binary tree
void NthPostordernode(struct Node* root, int N)
{
    static int flag = 0;
  
    if (root == NULL)
        return;
  
    if (flag <= N) {
  
        // left recursion
        NthPostordernode(root->left, N);
  
        // right recursion
        NthPostordernode(root->right, N);
  
        flag++;
  
        // prints the n-th node of preorder traversal
        if (flag == N)
            cout << root->data;
    }
}
  
// driver code
int main()
{
    struct Node* root = createNode(25);
    root->left = createNode(20);
    root->right = createNode(30);
    root->left->left = createNode(18);
    root->left->right = createNode(22);
    root->right->left = createNode(24);
    root->right->right = createNode(32);
  
    int N = 6;
  
    // prints n-th node found
    NthPostordernode(root, N);
  
    return 0;
}

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Java














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// Java program to find n-th node of  


// Postorder Traversal of Binary Tree  


public class NthNodePostOrder { 


  


    static int flag = 0;  


  


    // function to find the N-th node in the postorder  


    // traversal of a given binary tree  


    public static void NthPostordernode(Node root, int N)  


    {  


    


        if (root == null)  


            return;  


    


        if (flag <= N)  


        {    


            // left recursion  


            NthPostordernode(root.left, N);  


            // right recursion  


            NthPostordernode(root.right, N);  


            flag++;  


            // prints the n-th node of preorder traversal  


            if (flag == N)  


                System.out.print(root.data); 


        }  


    }  


  


  


    public static void main(String args[]) { 


        Node root = new Node(25);  


        root.left = new Node(20);  


        root.right = new Node(30);  


        root.left.left = new Node(18);  


        root.left.right = new Node(22);  


        root.right.left = new Node(24);  


        root.right.right = new Node(32);  


    


        int N = 6;  


    


        // prints n-th node found  


        NthPostordernode(root, N); 


    } 


} 


  


/* A binary tree node structure */


class Node  


{  


    int data;  


    Node left, right;  


    Node(int data) 


    { 


        this.data=data; 


    } 


}; 


// This code is contributed by Gaurav Tiwari 



















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Python3














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"""Python3 program to find n-th node of  


Postorder Traversal of Binary Tree"""


  


# A Binary Tree Node  


# Utility function to create a new tree node  


class createNode:  


  


    # Constructor to create a newNode  


    def __init__(self, data):  


        self.data= data  


        self.left = None


        self.right = None


  


# function to find the N-th node  


# in the postorder traversal of 


# a given binary tree 


flag = [0] 


def NthPostordernode(root, N):  


  


    if (root == None): 


        return


  


    if (flag[0] <= N[0]): 


          


        # left recursion  


        NthPostordernode(root.left, N)  


  


        # right recursion  


        NthPostordernode(root.right, N)  


  


        flag[0] += 1


  


        # prints the n-th node of 


        # preorder traversal  


        if (flag[0] == N[0]): 


            print(root.data) 


                          


# Driver Code 


if __name__ == '__main__': 


    root = createNode(25)  


    root.left = createNode(20)  


    root.right = createNode(30)  


    root.left.left = createNode(18)  


    root.left.right = createNode(22)  


    root.right.left = createNode(24)  


    root.right.right = createNode(32)  


  


    N = [6]  


  


    # prints n-th node found  


    NthPostordernode(root, N) 


  


# This code is contributed by  


# SHUBHAMSINGH10 



















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C#














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// C# program to find n-th node of  


// Postorder Traversal of Binary Tree  


using System; 


  


public class NthNodePostOrder  


{ 


  


    /* A binary tree node structure */


    public class Node  


    {  


        public int data;  


        public Node left, right;  


        public Node(int data) 


        { 


            this.data=data; 


        } 


    } 


    static int flag = 0;  


  


    // function to find the N-th node in the postorder  


    // traversal of a given binary tree  


    static void NthPostordernode(Node root, int N)  


    {  


        if (root == null)  


            return;  


      


        if (flag <= N)  


        {  


            // left recursion  


            NthPostordernode(root.left, N);  


              


            // right recursion  


            NthPostordernode(root.right, N);  


            flag++;  


              


            // prints the n-th node of preorder traversal  


            if (flag == N)  


                Console.Write(root.data); 


        }  


    }  


  


    // Driver code 


    public static void Main(String []args) 


    { 


        Node root = new Node(25);  


        root.left = new Node(20);  


        root.right = new Node(30);  


        root.left.left = new Node(18);  


        root.left.right = new Node(22);  


        root.right.left = new Node(24);  


        root.right.right = new Node(32);  


      


        int N = 6;  


      


        // prints n-th node found  


        NthPostordernode(root, N); 


    } 


} 


  


// This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu 



















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Output:


30





Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the number of nodes in the given binary tree.

Auxiliary Space: O(1)



          
          
          

          

    

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