Count 1's in a sorted binary array

Given a binary array sorted in non-increasing order, count the number of 1’s in it.

Examples:

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
Output: 2

Input: arr[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}
Output: 7

Input: arr[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
Output: 0

A simple solution is to linearly traverse the array. The time complexity of the simple solution is O(n). We can use Binary Search to find count in O(Logn) time. The idea is to look for last occurrence of 1 using Binary Search. Once we find the index last occurrence, we return index + 1 as count.

The following is the implementation of above idea.

C++

// C++ program to count one's in a boolean array
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

/* Returns counts of 1's in arr[low..high].  The array is
   assumed to be sorted in non-increasing order */
int countOnes(bool arr[], int low, int high)
{
  if (high >= low)
  {
    // get the middle index
    int mid = low + (high - low)/2;

    // check if the element at middle index is last 1
    if ( (mid == high || arr[mid+1] == 0) && (arr[mid] == 1))
      return mid+1;

    // If element is not last 1, recur for right side
    if (arr[mid] == 1)
      return countOnes(arr, (mid + 1), high);

    // else recur for left side
    return countOnes(arr, low, (mid -1));
  }
  return 0;
}

/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main()
{
   bool arr[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0};
   int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
   cout << "Count of 1's in given array is " << countOnes(arr, 0, n-1);
   return 0;
}

Python

# Python program to count one's in a boolean array

# Returns counts of 1's in arr[low..high].  The array is
# assumed to be sorted in non-increasing order
def countOnes(arr,low,high):
    
    if high>=low:
        
        # get the middle index
        mid = low + (high-low)/2
        
        # check if the element at middle index is last 1
        if ((mid == high or arr[mid+1]==0) and (arr[mid]==1)):
            return mid+1
            
        # If element is not last 1, recur for right side
        if arr[mid]==1:
            return countOnes(arr, (mid+1), high)
            
        # else recur for left side
        return countOnes(arr, low, mid-1)
    
    return 0

# Driver function
arr=[1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0]
print "Count of 1's in given array is",countOnes(arr, 0 , len(arr)-1)

# This code is contributed by __Devesh Agrawal__

Java

// Java program to count 1's in a sorted array
class CountOnes
{
    /* Returns counts of 1's in arr[low..high].  The
       array is assumed to be sorted in non-increasing
       order */
    int countOnes(int arr[], int low, int high)
    {
      if (high >= low)
      {
        // get the middle index
        int mid = low + (high - low)/2;

        // check if the element at middle index is last 1
        if ( (mid == high || arr[mid+1] == 0) &&
             (arr[mid] == 1))
          return mid+1;

        // If element is not last 1, recur for right side
        if (arr[mid] == 1)
          return countOnes(arr, (mid + 1), high);

        // else recur for left side
        return countOnes(arr, low, (mid -1));
      }
      return 0;
    }

    /* Driver program to test above functions */
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
       CountOnes ob = new CountOnes();
       int arr[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0};
       int n = arr.length;
       System.out.println("Count of 1's in given array is " +
                           ob.countOnes(arr, 0, n-1) );
    }
}
/* This code is contributed by Rajat Mishra */

C#

// C# program to count 1's in a sorted array
using System;

class GFG {
    
    /* Returns counts of 1's in arr[low..high].
    The array is assumed to be sorted in
    non-increasing order */
    static int countOnes(int []arr, int low, int high)
    {
        if (high >= low)
        {
            
            // get the middle index
            int mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
    
            // check if the element at middle 
            // index is last 1
            if ( (mid == high || arr[mid+1] == 0)
                               && (arr[mid] == 1))
            return mid+1;
    
            // If element is not last 1, recur
            // for right side
            if (arr[mid] == 1)
                return countOnes(arr, (mid + 1), high);
    
            // else recur for left side
            return countOnes(arr, low, (mid - 1));
        }
        
        return 0;
    }

    /* Driver program to test above functions */
    public static void Main()
    {
        int []arr = {1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0};
        int n = arr.Length;
        
        Console.WriteLine("Count of 1's in given "
          + "array is " + countOnes(arr, 0, n-1) );
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Sam007.

PHP

<?php
// PHP program to count one's in a
// boolean array

/* Returns counts of 1's in arr[low..high].
The array is assumed to be sorted in 
non-increasing order */
function countOnes( $arr, $low, $high)
{
    if ($high >= $low)
    {
        // get the middle index
        $mid = $low + ($high - $low)/2;
    
        // check if the element at middle
        // index is last 1
        if ( ($mid == $high or $arr[$mid+1] == 0) 
                           and ($arr[$mid] == 1))
            return $mid+1;
    
        // If element is not last 1, recur for 
        // right side
        if ($arr[$mid] == 1)
            return countOnes($arr, ($mid + 1),
                                          $high);
    
        // else recur for left side
        return countOnes($arr, $low, ($mid -1));
    }
    
    return 0;
}

/* Driver program to test above functions */
$arr = array(1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
$n = count($arr);
echo "Count of 1's in given array is " , 
                      countOnes($arr, 0, $n-1);

// This code is contributed by anuj_67.
?>

Output: