Corresponding Angles are the relative angles formed on the corresponding corners when a transversal line intersects two other lines. Corresponding angles have important applications in the field of mathematics and physics. It helps to solve geometry problems, like finding unknown angles or determining congruent angles and figures. The real-life example based on the use of corresponding angles can be seen in railway tracks and Rubik’s cube.
In this article, we will learn about the corresponding angle, along with its definition, theorems, and some examples for better understanding.
What are Corresponding Angles?
When two lines are intersected by another line (called a transversal line), then four interior and four exterior angles are formed. Each of the angles are related to each other. One such relation is corresponding angles. The word “corresponding” itself means something similar or equivalent. Hence, the corresponding angles are the angles formed on the corresponding corners of the same side of the transversal. There are a total of four pairs of corresponding angles formed by a transversal line. The corresponding angles are illustrated below:
In the above figure, the pair of corresponding angles are:
- ∠1 and ∠5
- ∠2 and ∠6
- ∠3 and ∠7
- ∠4 and ∠8
Definition of Corresponding Angles
When two lines intersect with a transversal line, the angles formed at the point of intersection on the respective corners of the same side of the transversal are called as corresponding angles.
Necessary Condition of Corresponding Angles
Two angles are said to be a pair of corresponding angles if and only if:
- They are on the same side of the transversal
- One of them is an interior angle and the other is an exterior angle
- They are at different vertex
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Corresponding Angles Types
Corresponding Angles are categorised into two categories namely,
- Corresponding Angles Formed by Parallel Lines and Transversals
- Corresponding Angles Formed by Non-Parallel Lines and Transversals
Let’s learn about them in detail.
Corresponding Angles Formed by Parallel Lines and Transversals
If a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines then, the corresponding angles formed are equal to each other. When a transversal intersects a pair of line it results in the formation of eight angles, giving four pairs of corresponding angles. The pair of corresponding angles formed by a transversal are:
- ∠1 and ∠5
- ∠2 and ∠6
- ∠3 and ∠7
- ∠4 and ∠8
In case of parallel lines, the corresponding angles formed are always equal. Therefore:
- ∠1 = ∠5
- ∠2 = ∠6
- ∠3 = ∠7
- ∠4 = ∠8
Corresponding Angles Formed by Non-Parallel Lines and Transversals
If a transversal intersects a pair of non-parallel lines then, there is no relation between the formed corresponding angles. The corresponding angles formed in this case are not equal to each other.
Corresponding Angles by Non Parallel Lines and Transversal
Congruency of Corresponding Angles
- When the corresponding angles are formed between two parallel lines and a transversal line, the corresponding angles thus formed are equal and hence congruent.
- When the corresponding angles are formed between two non-parallel lines and a transversal line, the corresponding angles thus formed are unequal and hence not in congruence with each other.
Corresponding Angle Theorem
The corresponding angle theorem states that,
“If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal line, then the corresponding angles thus formed are the same or said to be congruent to each other.”
Converse of Corresponding Angle Theorem
The converse of the Corresponding Angle theorem is also true, it states that
“If two corresponding angles are equal or congruent to each other, then the lines forming them are parallel to each other.“
How to Find Corresponding Angles?
Step 1: Draw a pair of lines intersected by a transversal and name all the interior and exterior angles as shown in the figure below.
Step 2: Find all the pair of angles which are on the same side of transversal, on different vertex and one angle should be exterior and other should be interior. From the above figure we have the following corresponding angles:
| Upper Angles on the right side of transversal |
| Upper Angles on the left side of transversal |
| Lower Angles on the right side of transversal |
| Lower Angles on the left side of transversal |
Corresponding Angles Application
Various applications of corresponding angles are,
- They are used to solve various geometrical problems.
- They are used in Architecture
- They are used in various construction projects, etc.
Also, Check
Examples of Corresponding Angles
Example 1: If two corresponding angles formed by parallel lines are 2x + 1 and 87. Find the value of x.
Solution:
Given 2x + 1 and 87 are corresponding angles formed by parallel lines hence they are equal to each other.
Therefore, 2x + 1 = 87
=> 2x = 87-1
=> 2x = 86
=> x = 86/2
=> x = 43
Hence the value of x is 43.
Example 2: For y = 1, Check whether 3y – 1 and 5 + y are corresponding to each other or not.
Solution:
For y = 1,
Value of 3y – 1
= 3 × 1 – 1
= 3 -1 = 2
and the value of 5 + y
= 5 + 1 = 6
Hence, 3y – 1 ≠ 5 + y
The values of the given two angles are not the same hence these corresponding angles are not formed by parallel lines.
Example 3: For two parallel lines, Find the value of x if 7x – 4 and 2x + 6 are corresponding to each other. Also, find the value of each corresponding angle.
Solution:
Given 7x – 4 and 2x + 6 are corresponding angles formed by parallel lines hence they are equal to each other.
Therefore, 7x – 4 = 2x + 6
Solving the above equation we get,
7x – 4 = 2x + 6
=> 7x – 2x = 6 + 4
=> 5x = 10
=> x = 10/5
=> x = 2
Put x = 2 in 7x – 4 we get
= 7 × 2 – 4
= 14 -4
= 10
Hence the value of x is 2 and the measure of each corresponding angle is 10° .
Example 4: If 5z and 2z + 12 are corresponding angles. For z = 4, check if the lines forming these corresponding angles are parallel or not.
Solution:
For z = 4
Value of 5z = 5 × 4 = 20
and value of 2z + 12 = 2 × 4 + 12 = 8 + 12 = 20
Hence, for z=4, the value of 5z = 2z + 12 and so the given corresponding angles are formed by parallel lines.
Practice Questions on Corresponding Angles
Q1: If x + 1 and 2x -2 are corresponding angles, find the value of each corresponding angle.
Q2: For x = 4, check if 3x + 1 and 2x + 5 are corresponding angles or not.
Q3: The values of two corresponding angles ∠2 = y + 2 and ∠6 = 2y – 7. Find the value of y.
Q4: If two corresponding angles are given by 8z – 10 and 3z + 5. Find the value of each corresponding angle.
Q5: The two corresponding angles are given to be 5x + 5 and 85. Find the value of x.
Frequently Asked Questions on Corresponding Angles
1. What is Meaning of Corresponding Angles?
Corresponding Angles means the angles that are formed on the similar corner and on the same sides when two parallel lines are cut by a transversal.
2. What are Complementary Corresponding Angles?
If the sum of the corresponding angles is complement to each other (i.e. they sum up to 90 degrees) they are said to be complementary corresponding angles.
3. What is Corresponding Angle Postulate?
The corresponding angles postulate states that the corresponding angles are congruent to each other if and only if the transversal intersects two parallel lines.
4. Are all Corresponding Angles always Equal?
No, corresponding angles are not always equal, they are equal only when the transversal intersects the two parallel lines.
5. What are Supplementary Corresponding Angles?
If the sum of corresponding angles is supplementary to each other (i.e. they sum up to 180 degrees) they are said to be supplementary corresponding angles. This is only possible when the transversal intersects the parallel lines perpendicularly.
6. Are Corresponding Angles Congruent?
Yes, the corresponding angles formed by parallel lines and transversal lines are congruent.
7. Do Corresponding Angles Equal 180°?
No, corresponding angles do not always sum up to 180°.
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