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Queries to check if subarrays over given range of indices is non-decreasing or not

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Given an array arr[] consisting of N integers and an array Q[][2] consisting of K queries of type {L, R}, the task for each query is to check if the subarray {arr[L], .. arr[R]} of the array is non-decreasing or not. If found to be true, then print “Yes”. Otherwise, print “No“.

Examples:

Input: arr[] = {1, 7, 3, 4, 9}, K = 2, Q[][] = {{1, 2}, {2, 4}}
Output:
Yes
No
Explanation:
Query 1: The subarray in the range [1, 2] is {1, 7} which is non-decreasing. Therefore, print “Yes”.
Query 2: The subarray in the range [2, 4] is {7, 3, 4, 9} which is not non-decreasing. Therefore, print “No”.

Input: arr[] = {3, 5, 7, 1, 8, 2}, K = 3, Q[][] = {{1, 3}, {2, 5}, {4, 6}}
Output:
Yes
No
No

Naive Approach: The simplest approach is to traverse the array over the range of indices [L, R] for each query and check if the subarray is sorted in ascending order or not. If found to be true, then print “Yes”. Otherwise, print “No“. 

Time Complexity: O(N * Q)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Efficient Approach: The above approach can be optimized by precomputing the count of adjacent elements satisfying arr[i] > arr[i + 1] in the range [1, i] which results in constant time calculation of numbers of such indices in the range [L, R – 1]. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:

  • Initialize an array, say pre[], to store the count of indices from the starting index, having adjacent elements in increasing order.
  • Iterate over the range [1, N – 1] and assign pre[i] = pre[i – 1] and then increment pre[i] by 1, if arr[i – 1] > arr[i].
  • Traverse the array Q[][] and for each query {L, R}, if pre[R – 1] – pre[L – 1] is 0, then print “Yes”. Otherwise, print “No“.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++




// C++ program for the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to perform queries to check if
// subarrays over a given range of indices
//  is non-decreasing or not
void checkSorted(int arr[], int N,
                 vector<vector<int> >& Q)
{
    // Stores count of indices up to i
    // such that arr[i] > arr[i + 1]
    int pre[N] = { 0 };
 
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
 
        // Update pre[i]
        pre[i] = pre[i - 1]
                 + (arr[i - 1] > arr[i]);
    }
 
    // Traverse the array Q[][]
    for (int i = 0; i < Q.size(); i++) {
 
        int l = Q[i][0];
        int r = Q[i][1] - 1;
 
        // If pre[r] - pre[l-1] exceeds 0
        if (pre[r] - pre[l - 1] == 0)
            cout << "Yes" << endl;
        else
            cout << "No" << endl;
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 7, 3, 4, 9 };
    vector<vector<int> > Q = { { 1, 2 },
                               { 2, 4 } };
 
    int N = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    // Function Call
    checkSorted(arr, N, Q);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program for the above approach
import java.io.*;
class GFG
{
 
  // Function to perform queries to check if
  // subarrays over a given range of indices
  //  is non-decreasing or not
  static void checkSorted(int[] arr, int N, int[][] Q)
  {
 
    // Stores count of indices up to i
    // such that arr[i] > arr[i + 1]
    int[] pre = new int[N];
 
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 1; i < N; i++)
    {
 
      // Update pre[i]
      if((arr[i - 1] > arr[i]))
        pre[i] = pre[i - 1] + 1;
      else
        pre[i] = pre[i - 1];
    }
 
    // Traverse the array Q[][]
    for (int i = 0; i < Q.length; i++)
    {
      int l = Q[i][0];
      int r = Q[i][1] - 1;
 
      // If pre[r] - pre[l-1] exceeds 0
      if (pre[r] - pre[l - 1] == 0)
        System.out.println("Yes");
      else
        System.out.println("No");
    }
  }
 
  // Driver Code
  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    int arr[] = { 1, 7, 3, 4, 9 };
    int Q[][] = { { 1, 2 }, { 2, 4 } };
 
    int N = arr.length;
 
    // Function Call
    checkSorted(arr, N, Q);
  }
}
 
// This code is contributed by Dharanendra L V.


Python3




# Python3 program for the above approach
 
# Function to perform queries to check if
# subarrays over a given range of indices
# is non-decreasing or not
def checkSorted(arr, N, Q):
   
    # Stores count of indices up to i
    # such that arr[i] > arr[i + 1]
    pre = [0]*(N)
 
    # Traverse the array
    for i in range(1, N):
 
        # Update pre[i]
        pre[i] = pre[i - 1] + (arr[i - 1] > arr[i])
 
    # Traverse the array Q[][]
    for i in range(len(Q)):
        l = Q[i][0]
        r = Q[i][1] - 1
 
        # If pre[r] - pre[l-1] exceeds 0
        if (pre[r] - pre[l - 1] == 0):
            print("Yes")
        else:
            print("No")
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
    arr =[1, 7, 3, 4, 9]
    Q = [ [ 1, 2 ],[ 2, 4 ] ]
    N = len(arr)
 
    # Function Call
    checkSorted(arr, N, Q)
 
# This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29.


C#




// C# program for the above approach
 
using System;
 
public class GFG{
     
    // Function to perform queries to check if
    // subarrays over a given range of indices
    // is non-decreasing or not
    static void checkSorted(int[] arr, int N, int[,] Q)
    {
        // Stores count of indices up to i
    // such that arr[i] > arr[i + 1]
    int[] pre = new int[N];
  
    // Traverse the array
    for (int i = 1; i < N; i++)
    {
  
      // Update pre[i]
      if((arr[i - 1] > arr[i]))
      {
          pre[i] = pre[i - 1] + 1;
      }
      else
      {  pre[i] = pre[i - 1];}
    }
  
    // Traverse the array Q[][]
    for (int i = 0; i < Q.GetLength(0); i++)
    {
         
      int l = Q[i,0];
      int r = Q[i,1] - 1;
  
      // If pre[r] - pre[l-1] exceeds 0
      if (pre[r] - pre[l - 1] == 0)
      {  Console.WriteLine("Yes");}
      else
        {Console.WriteLine("No");}
    }
    }
     
    // Driver Code
 
    static public void Main (){
         
        int[] arr = { 1, 7, 3, 4, 9 };
    int[,] Q = { { 1, 2 }, { 2, 4 } };
  
    int N = arr.Length;
  
    // Function Call
    checkSorted(arr, N, Q);
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by avanitrachhadiya2155


Javascript




<script>
 
// Javascript program for the above approach
 
// Function to perform queries to check if
// subarrays over a given range of indices
//  is non-decreasing or not
function checkSorted(arr, N, Q)
{
     
    // Stores count of indices up to i
    // such that arr[i] > arr[i + 1]
    var pre = Array(N).fill(0);
 
    // Traverse the array
    for(var i = 1; i < N; i++)
    {
         
        // Update pre[i]
        pre[i] = pre[i - 1] +
                (arr[i - 1] > arr[i]);
    }
 
    // Traverse the array Q[][]
    for(var i = 0; i < Q.length; i++)
    {
        var l = Q[i][0];
        var r = Q[i][1] - 1;
 
        // If pre[r] - pre[l-1] exceeds 0
        if (pre[r] - pre[l - 1] == 0)
            document.write("Yes" + "<br>");
        else
            document.write("No" + "<br>");
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
var arr = [ 1, 7, 3, 4, 9 ];
var Q = [ [ 1, 2 ], [ 2, 4 ] ];
var N = arr.length;
 
// Function Call
checkSorted(arr, N, Q);
 
// This code is contributed by noob2000
 
</script>


Output: 

Yes
No

 

Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)



Last Updated : 23 Apr, 2023
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