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Python | os.chmod method

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os.chmod() method in Python is used to change the mode of a path to the numeric mode.

os.chmod() Method Syntax in Python

Syntax: os.chmod(path, mode)

Parameters:

path – path name of the file or directory path

mode – mode may take one of the following values:

  • stat.S_ISUID : Set user ID on execution
  • stat.S_ISGID : Set group ID on execution
  • stat.S_ENFMT : Record locking enforced
  • stat.S_ISVTX : Save text image after
  • execution stat.S_IREAD : Read by owner.
  • stat.S_IWRITE : Write by owner.
  • stat.S_IEXEC : Execute by owner.
  • stat.S_IRWXU : Read, write, and execute by owner
  • stat.S_IRUSR : Read by owner
  • stat.S_IWUSR : Write by owner.
  • stat.S_IXUSR : Execute by owner.
  • stat.S_IRWXG : Read, write, and execute by group
  • stat.S_IRGRP : Read by group .
  • stat.S_IWGRP : Write by group .
  • stat.S_IXGRP : Execute by group .
  • stat.S_IRWXO : Read, write, and execute by others.
  • stat.S_IROTH : Read by others stat.S_IWOTH : Write by others
  • stat.S_IXOTH : Execute by others

Python os.chmod() Method

Below are some examples by which we can understand how to change the permissions of a file or directory using os.chmod() in Python:

Modifying File Access in Python Using os.chmod() Function

In this example, Python OS Module code uses `os.chmod()` to modify file permissions. It first sets the file “/Geeks/gfg.txt” to be readable only by the owner (`stat.S_IREAD`), then changes permissions to make it readable by others (`stat.S_IROTH`).

Python3




import os
import sys
import stat
 
# Set given file read by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IREAD)
print("File can be read only by owner.")
 
# Set given file read by others.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IROTH)
print("File access changed, can be read by others now.")


Output:

File can be read only by owner.
File access changed, can be read by others now.

Adjusting File Permissions with os.chmod()

In this example, this code uses the `os.chmod()` method to set the write and execute permissions for the owner of the file “/Geeks/gfg.txt”, first allowing write access (`stat.S_IWRITE`) and then allowing execute access (`stat.S_IXUSR`).

Python3




import os
import sys
import stat
 
# Set given file written by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IWRITE)
 
# Set given file executed by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IXUSR)
print("File can be written and executed only by owner.")


Output:

File can be written and executed only by owner.


Last Updated : 12 Jan, 2024
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