Matrix operations using operator overloading
Pre-requisite: Operator Overloading
Given two matrix mat1[][] and mat2[][] of NxN dimensions, the task is to perform Matrix Operations using Operator Overloading.
Examples:
Input: arr1[][] = { {1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {1, 2, 3}}, arr2[][] = { {1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 16}, {1, 2, 3}}
Output:
Addition of two given Matrices is:
2 4 6
8 10 22
2 4 6
Subtraction of two given Matrices is:
0 0 0
0 0 -10
0 0 0
Multiplication of two given Matrices is:
12 18 44
30 45 110
12 18 44
Input: arr1[][] = { {11, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 0}, {1, 12, 3}}, arr2[][] = { {1, 2, 3}, {41, 5, 16}, {1, 22, 3}}
Output:
Addition of two given Matrices is :
12 4 6
45 10 16
2 34 6
Subtraction of two given Matrices is :
10 0 0
-37 0 -16
0 -10 0
Multiplication of two given Matrices is :
96 98 74
209 33 92
496 128 204
Approach:
To overload +, –, * operators, we will create a class named matrix and then make a public function to overload the operators.
- To overload operator ‘+’ use prototype:
Return_Type classname :: operator +(Argument list)
{
// Function Body
}- For Example:
Let there are two matrix M1[][] and M2[][] of same dimensions. Using Operator Overloading M1[][] and M2[][] can be added as M1 + M2.
In the above statement M1 is treated hai global and M2[][] is passed as an argument to the function “void Matrix::operator+(Matrix x)“.
In the above overloaded function, the approach for addition of two matrix is implemented by treating M1[][] as first and M2[][] as second Matrix i.e., Matrix x(as the arguments).
- To overload operator ‘-‘ use prototype:
Return_Type classname :: operator -(Argument list)
{
// Function Body
}- For Example:
Let there are two matrix M1[][] and M2[][] of same dimensions. Using Operator Overloading M1[][] and M2[][] can be added as M1 – M2
In the above statement M1 is treated hai global and M2[][] is passed as an argument to the function “void Matrix::operator-(Matrix x)“.
In the above overloaded function, the approach for subtraction of two matrix is implemented by treating M1[][] as first and M2[][] as second Matrix i.e., Matrix x(as the arguments).
- To overload operator ‘*’ use prototype:
Return_Type classname :: operator *(Argument list)
{
// Function Body
}Let there are two matrix M1[][] and M2[][] of same dimensions. Using Operator Overloading M1[][] and M2[][] can be added as M1 * M2.
In the above statement M1 is treated hai global and M2[][] is passed as an argument to the function “void Matrix::operator*(Matrix x)“.
In the above overloaded function, the approach for multiplication of two matrix is implemented by treating M1[][] as first and M2[][] as second Matrix i.e., Matrix x(as the arguments).
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
C++
// C++ program for the above approach#include "bits/stdc++.h"#define rows 50#define cols 50using namespace std;int N;// Class for Matrix operator overloadingclass Matrix { // For input Matrix int arr[rows][cols];public: // Function to take input to arr[][] void input(vector<vector<int> >& A); void display(); // Functions for operator overloading void operator+(Matrix x); void operator-(Matrix x); void operator*(Matrix x);};// Functions to get input to Matrix// array arr[][]void Matrix::input(vector<vector<int> >& A){ // Traverse the vector A[][] for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { arr[i][j] = A[i][j]; } }}// Function to display the element// of Matrixvoid Matrix::display(){ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Print the element cout << arr[i][j] << ' '; } cout << endl; }}// Function for addition of two Matrix// using operator overloadingvoid Matrix::operator+(Matrix x){ // To store the sum of Matrices int mat[N][N]; // Traverse the Matrix x for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Add the corresponding // blocks of Matrices mat[i][j] = arr[i][j] + x.arr[i][j]; } } // Display the sum of Matrices for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Print the element cout << mat[i][j] << ' '; } cout << endl; }}// Function for subtraction of two Matrix// using operator overloadingvoid Matrix::operator-(Matrix x){ // To store the difference of Matrices int mat[N][N]; // Traverse the Matrix x for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Subtract the corresponding // blocks of Matrices mat[i][j] = arr[i][j] - x.arr[i][j]; } } // Display the difference of Matrices for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Print the element cout << mat[i][j] << ' '; } cout << endl; }}// Function for multiplication of// two Matrix using operator// overloadingvoid Matrix::operator*(Matrix x){ // To store the multiplication // of Matrices int mat[N][N]; // Traverse the Matrix x for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Initialise current block // with value zero mat[i][j] = 0; for (int k = 0; k < N; k++) { mat[i][j] += arr[i][k] * (x.arr[k][j]); } } } // Display the multiplication // of Matrices for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) { // Print the element cout << mat[i][j] << ' '; } cout << endl; }}// Driver Codeint main(){ // Dimension of Matrix N = 3; vector<vector<int> > arr1 = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 1, 2, 3 } }; vector<vector<int> > arr2 = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 16 }, { 1, 2, 3 } }; // Declare Matrices Matrix mat1, mat2; // Take Input to matrix mat1 mat1.input(arr1); // Take Input to matrix mat2 mat2.input(arr2); // For addition of matrix cout << "Addition of two given" << " Matrices is : \n"; mat1 + mat2; // For subtraction of matrix cout << "Subtraction of two given" << " Matrices is : \n"; mat1 - mat2; // For multiplication of matrix cout << "Multiplication of two" << " given Matrices is : \n"; mat1* mat2; return 0;} |
Addition of two given Matrices is : 2 4 6 8 10 22 2 4 6 Subtraction of two given Matrices is : 0 0 0 0 0 -10 0 0 0 Multiplication of two given Matrices is : 12 18 44 30 45 110 12 18 44
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