GDP of Indian States and Union Territories

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) serves as an essential indicator to evaluate the economic performance of a nation. It indicates the aggregate worth of all commodities and services generated during a designated period of time within the geographical boundaries of a nation. Frequently, the GDP is used to compare and evaluate the economic size and health of various countries. India, a vast country consisting of 28 states, 8 union territories, and a National Capital Territory (NCT), operates with considerable momentum within the international economic sphere. The GDP of India in 2023 amounted to $3.75 trillion, whereas the GDP of individual Indian states presented a dynamic depiction of progress and expansion throughout different regions. By analysing the GDP and GDP per capita of Indian states, one can assess the economic health as well as the growth rate of each state and territory.

List of Indian States and Union Territories by GSDP (in ₹ Millions)

State/Union Territory	2017–18	2018–19	2019–20	2020–21	2021–22	2022–23	2023-24 (Estimated)
Andhra Pradesh	7,861,350	8,737,210	9,258,390	9,567,880	11,338,370	13,177,280	14,490,000
Arunachal Pradesh	224,750	253,350	300,240	305,480	351,240	NA	370,000
Assam	2,831,650	3,093,360	3,468,510	3,536,050	4,126,120	4,931,670	5,670,000
Bihar	4,687,460	5,279,760	5,818,550	5,672,630	6,503,020	7,513,960	8,590,000
Chhattisgarh	2,827,370	3,271,070	3,446,480	3,477,520	4,064,160	4,576,080	5,070,000
Goa	693,520	718,530	750,320	757,050	826,040	NA	1,000,000
Gujarat	13,290,950	14,921,560	16,171,430	16,161,060	19,370,660	NA	25,620,000
Haryana	6,388,320	6,989,400	7,321,950	7,418,500	8,706,650	9,941,540	11,200,000
Himachal Pradesh	1,385,510	1,483,830	1,591,640	1,552,510	1,762,690	1,954,050	2,140,000
Jammu and Kashmir (state)	1,397,090	1,598,590	NA	NA	NA	NA	2,300,000
Jharkhand	2,698,160	3,056,950	3,103,050	2,966,640	3,588,630	3,937,220	4,230,000
Karnataka	13,332,400	14,793,910	16,111,340	16,250,730	19,627,250	22,413,680	25,000,000
Kerala	7,015,880	7,882,860	8,129,350	7,717,240	9,324,700	NA	11,300,000
Madhya Pradesh	7,262,840	8,298,050	9,278,550	9,616,430	11,361,370	13,228,210	13,870,000
Maharashtra	23,527,820	25,288,540	26,573,710	26,275,420	31,080,220	NA	38,790,000
Manipur	257,890	273,880	298,130	297,760	365,940	NA	450,000
Meghalaya	295,080	321,760	347,700	337,760	387,850	426,970	460,000
Mizoram	193,850	219,120	249,900	239,230	278,240	NA	350,000
Nagaland	243,930	265,270	297,160	298,320	319,130	NA	370,000
Odisha	4,403,950	4,986,110	5,375,020	5,401,500	6,708,810	7,748,690	8,650,000
Punjab	4,710,140	5,215,100	5,370,310	5,408,530	6,142,270	6,731,070	6,980,000
Rajasthan	8,325,290	9,115,190	9,986,790	10,194,420	12,181,930	14,136,200	15,700,000
Sikkim	259,710	284,020	314,410	330,180	375,570	427,560	420,000
Tamil Nadu	14,650,510	16,302,090	17,431,440	17,880,740	20,712,860	23,645,140	28,300,000
Telangana	7,500,500	8,574,270	9,500,900	9,428,140	11,289,070	13,133,910	14,000,000
Tripura	437,160	498,230	541,510	535,040	625,500	726,360	260,000
Uttar Pradesh	14,399,260	15,821,800	17,000,620	16,453,170	19,745,320	22,575,750	24,390,000
Uttarakhand	2,202,220	2,303,140	2,392,470	2,368,600	2,721,590	3,026,210	3,330,000
West Bengal	9,747,000	11,020,540	11,790,970	11,558,200	13,639,260	15,549,920	17,190,000
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	78,900	90,030	97,650	93,100	103,710	NA	890,000
Chandigarh	363,440	401,390	434,210	394,420	456,350	NA	490,000
Delhi	6,779,000	7,383,890	7,929,110	7,634,350	9,046,420	10,437,590	10,400,000
Puducherry	321,290	341,700	369,990	361,160	442,380	NA	390,000
India	170,950,050	190,101,640	202,692,830	202,166,300	239,972,490	NA	–

List of Indian Administrative Regions by GDP (2022–23)

Administrative divisions are subnational administrative entities of India; they consist of administrative divisions arranged hierarchically. In many cases, distinct local designations are employed by Indian states and territories to designate the same level of subdivision. For instance, the mandals of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana are equivalent to talukas in Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu, whereas they correspond to tehsils in Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi-speaking states. Only in rural regions do smaller subdivisions (villages and districts) exist. Urban local bodies predominate over these rural subdivisions in urban regions.

Zonal councils	Est Nominal GDP (₹ trillions)	Est Nominal GDP (US$ billions)	Est. Population (2023)
Southern	83.90	1,045	273,692,000
Western	60.30	751	200,730,000
Northern	46.01	573	185,925,000
Central	43.41	541	364,083,000
Eastern	34.75	433	311,582,000
North-Eastern	8.05	100	50,592,000
India	276.42	3,442	1,386,604,000

Top 10 States in India by GDP

Let us now examine in greater detail the ten states in India in terms of GDP.

1. Maharashtra: Maharashtra, the state with the third-largest land area in India, is the most prosperous in terms of GDP. Renowned as the epicentre of creativity in India, it showcases flourishing sectors in architecture, design, motion pictures, music, arts and entertainment, publication, and radio and television. The service industry is of great importance, accounting for 61.4% of value added and 69.3% of value produced.

2. Tamil Nadu: Tamil Nadu, located in the southern region of India, is renowned for its dynamic cultural legacy and strong industrial foundation. The economy of the region is primarily driven by the automobiles textiles and clothing, and information technology industries. Chennai, in particular, serves as a significant centre for both IT and manufacturing.

3. Gujarat: Gujarat, situated along India’s western coast, is the fifth-largest state and has a strong dependence on agriculture and industrial production. It plays a significant role in areas such as textiles, dairy products and milk, groundnuts, dates, and sugarcane.

4. Karnataka: Karnataka, located in the southwest of India, is famous for its flourishing technology sector. Bengaluru, known as the “Silicon Valley of India,” is home to the fourth-largest technological cluster in the world. The state’s focus on learning, creativity, and a favourable economic climate attracts significant funding.

5. Uttar Pradesh: Uttar Pradesh, characterised by a varied economy that includes manufacturing, agriculture, and products and services, demonstrates its economic progress through the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of Indian states. Key sectors are agro-based businesses, technological innovation, and handmade products.

6. West Bengal: West Bengal, located on the Bay of Bengal, is mostly known for its dominant agricultural sector, which makes a substantial contribution to India’s rice production. The sectors that are seeing significant growth and success include petrochemicals, autos, naval vessels, pharmaceuticals and fertilisers as well as jute fibre, cotton-based textiles, and electronics.

7. Rajasthan: Rajasthan, the largest state in India with regard to of territory, is widely recognised for its abundant cultural history. The economy of Indian states is predominantly driven by agriculture, mining, and tourism, which play a pivotal role in determining the overall per capita GDP.

8. Andhra Pradesh: Andhra Pradesh, renowned as the Eastern Portal of India, boasts the second-largest coastline and makes a substantial contribution to India’s GDP. Notable industries encompass agriculture, textiles, medicines, and information technology.

9. Telangana: Telangana, known for its technologically proficient population in Hyderabad, has experienced significant industrial expansion and inflow of foreign direct investment. The state’s emphasis on technological innovation, the field of biotechnology and manufacturing places it notably among the leading Indian states in terms of GDP.

10. Madhya Pradesh: Madhya Pradesh, commonly known as the “Heart of India,” is renowned for its abundant cultural legacy and picturesque landscapes. Serving as a central location for agricultural practises and a wide range of business endeavours, this area entices visitors with its historical landmarks and natural reserves.

FAQs

1. What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

Answer:

GDP is the total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific time period.

2. How is India’s GDP measured?

Answer:

India’s GDP is measured through three approaches – production (or output), income, and expenditure, which provide a comprehensive view of the economy.

3. What are the main sectors contributing to India’s GDP?

Answer:

India’s GDP is primarily composed of contributions from the services sector, industry (including manufacturing and construction), and agriculture.

4. How often is India’s GDP measured and reported?

Answer:

India’s GDP is typically measured on a quarterly and annual basis. The data is released by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) of India.

5. What factors can influence changes in India’s GDP?

Answer:

Various factors, including consumer spending, government policies, global economic conditions, and investment levels, can impact India’s GDP growth.

6. How does India’s GDP compare to other countries?

Answer:

India’s GDP is significant on a global scale, ranking among the largest economies. However, it is important to consider per capita GDP for a more nuanced comparison.

7. Which is the highest GDP state in India?

Answer :

Maharashtra is the most economically significant state in India, accounting for about 14.4% of the country’s GDP. Maharashtra has a diversified economy and is particularly strong in the manufacturing, banking, and services sectors.

8. Which is the state with lowest GDP in India?

Answer:

Bihar, on the other hand, has one of India’s lowest GDP contributions—roughly 3.1%—and struggles with economic issues. The state’s economic development is hampered by problems including unemployment, poverty, and inadequate infrastructure.

9. Which Indian state will have the Largest GDP in 2023?

Answer:

With a GDP of 28.30 lakh crore, Tamil Nadu takes second place as the richest state, behind only Maharashtra.

10. Why is it that Tamil Nadu’s GDP is so high?

Answer:

Tamil Nadu is a well-known global hub for metals, minerals, and agricultural commodities. Iron ore, lignite (brown coal), gypsum, limestone, bauxite, and magnesite are among the important minerals that are mined in Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is India’s most industrialised state and the country’s second richest state according to GDP.