Electric Charge Formula

When the matter is held in an electric or magnetic field, it develops an electric charge, which causes it to experience a force. The flowing electric charge generates a magnetic field, which is coupled with an electric field. The electromagnetic field is made up of a combination of electric and magnetic fields. The electromagnetic force, which is the basis of physics, is created when charges interact. Let’s take a closer look at the concept of Electric charge,

Electric Charge

The feature of subatomic particles that enables them to experience a force when put in an electric or magnetic field is known as Electric charge.

A scalar quantity, electric charge is. A quantity that is called a vector must fulfill the laws of vector addition, such as the triangle law of vector addition and the parallelogram law of vector addition, in addition to having a magnitude and direction; only then is the amount called a vector quantity. In the case of an electric current, the resultant current is an algebraic sum rather than a vector sum when two currents meet at a junction. As a result, even though it has magnitude and direction, an electric current is a scalar quantity. Electric charge is denoted by Q. 

SI unit of electric charge: Coulomb and Other units are Faraday, Ampere-hour.

Positive and negative electric charges are carried by protons and electrons, respectively. Subatomic particles and matter particles are examples of different forms of charges,

• Positively charged protons
• Negatively charged electrons
• Neutron has a charge of zero

Electric Charge Formula

The formula of Electric Charge is as follows

Q = I × t

Where,

• Q = Electric Charge,
• I = Electric Current,
• t = Time.

Sample Questions

Question 1: An electric charge is a scalar quantity for what reason?

Answer:

The resulting current of two currents meeting at a junction is an algebraic sum, not a vector sum. A scalar quantity is thus an electric current. This property of electric charge is known as KCL, also known as kirchhoff’s current law.

Question 2: When does a negative and positive electric charge occur?

Answer:

It is considered to have a negative charge when a substance has more electrons than protons, and It is considered to have a positive charge when a substance has more protons than electrons.

Question 3: A circuit with a current of 150 mA is run for 2 minutes. calculate the amount of charge flowing through a circuit.

Solution:

Given: I = 150 mA = 150 × 10^-3 A, t = 2 min = 2 × 60 = 120s

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ Q = 150 × 10^-3 × 120

∴ Q = 18 C

Question 4: When a current-carrying conductor is linked to an external power supply for 20 seconds, a total of 6 × 10⁴⁶ electrons flow through it. Determine the current value in the conductor.

Solution:

Given: n = 6 × 10⁴⁶ electrons, t = 20s, e = 1.6 × 10^-19 C

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ I = Q/t

By current formula,

Q = ne

∴ I = ne/t

∴ I = 6 × 10⁴⁶ × 1.6 × 10^-19 / 20

∴ I = 4.8 × 10²⁶ A

Question 5: A current of 0.6 A is carried by a conductor. Calculate the amount of charge that will pass through the conductor’s cross-section in 37 seconds.

Solution:

Given: I = 0.6 A, t = 37 s

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ Q = 0.6 × 37

∴ Q = 22.2 C

Question 6: If the Electric current is 200 A and the time is 3 min then find the Electric charge.

Solution:

Given: I = 200 A, t = 3 min = 3 × 60 = 180 s

Since,

Q = I × t

∴ Q = 200 × 180

∴ Q = 36000 C