Check whether the given character is in upper case, lower case or non alphabetic character

Given a character, the task is to check whether the given character is in upper case, lower case, or non-alphabetic character 
Examples:

Input: ch = 'A'
Output: A is an UpperCase character

Input: ch = 'a'
Output: a is an LowerCase character

Input: ch = '0'
Output: 0 is not an alphabetic character

Approach: The key to solving this problem lies in the ASCII value of a character. It is the simplest way to find out about a character. This problem is solved with the help of the following detail: 

• Capital letter Alphabets (A-Z) lie in the range 65-91 of the ASCII value
• Small letter Alphabets (a-z) lie in the range 97-122 of the ASCII value
• Any other ASCII value is a non-alphabetic character.

Implementation:

C++

// C++ implementation of the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

void check(char ch)
{

    if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
        cout << ch << " is an UpperCase character\n";

    else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
        cout << ch << " is an LowerCase character\n";

    else
        cout << ch << " is not an alphabetic character\n";
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char ch;

    // Get the character
    ch = 'A';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = 'a';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = '0';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by Code_Mech

C

// C implementation of the above approach
#include <stdio.h>

void check(char ch)
{

    if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
        printf("\n%c is an UpperCase character",
               ch);

    else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
        printf("\n%c is an LowerCase character",
               ch);

    else
        printf("\n%c is not an alphabetic character",
               ch);
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char ch;

    // Get the character
    ch = 'A';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = 'a';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = '0';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    return 0;
}

Java

// Java implementation of the above approach

class GFG
{

    static void check(char ch)
    {

        if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
            System.out.println("\n" + ch +
                    " is an UpperCase character");

        else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
            System.out.println("\n" + ch +
                    " is an LowerCase character" );

        else
            System.out.println("\n" + ch +
                    " is not an alphabetic character" );
    }

    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String []args)
    {
        char ch;

        // Get the character
        ch = 'A';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);

        // Get the character
        ch = 'a';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);

        // Get the character
        ch = '0';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);

    }
}

// This code is contributed by Ryuga

Python3

# Python3 implementation of the above approach

def check(ch):

    if (ch >= 'A' and ch <= 'Z'):
        print(ch,"is an UpperCase character");

    elif (ch >= 'a' and ch <= 'z'):
        print(ch,"is an LowerCase character");
    else:
        print(ch,"is not an alphabetic character");

# Driver Code

# Get the character
ch = 'A';

# Check the character
check(ch);

# Get the character
ch = 'a';

# Check the character
check(ch);

# Get the character
ch = '0';

# Check the character
check(ch);

# This code is contributed by mits

C#

// C# implementation of the above approach
using System;

class GFG
{

    static void check(char ch)
    {
        if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
            Console.WriteLine("\n" + ch +
                    " is an UpperCase character");
        else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
            Console.WriteLine("\n" + ch +
                    " is an LowerCase character" );
        else
            Console.WriteLine("\n" + ch +
                    " is not an alphabetic character" );
    }

    // Driver Code
    public static void Main(String []args)
    {
        char ch;

        // Get the character
        ch = 'A';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);

        // Get the character
        ch = 'a';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);

        // Get the character
        ch = '0';

        // Check the character
        check(ch);
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Rajput-JI

PHP

<?php
// PHP implementation of the above approach

function check($ch)
{
    if ($ch >= 'A' && $ch <= 'Z')
        print($ch . " is an UpperCase character\n");

    else if ($ch >= 'a' && $ch <= 'z')
        print($ch . " is an LowerCase character\n");
    else
        print($ch . " is not an alphabetic " .
                               "character\n");
}

// Driver Code

// Get the character
$ch = 'A';

// Check the character
check($ch);

// Get the character
$ch = 'a';

// Check the character
check($ch);

// Get the character
$ch = '0';

// Check the character
check($ch);

// This code is contributed by mits
?>

Javascript

<script>
      // JavaScript implementation of
      // the above approach

      function check(ch) {
        if (ch >= "A" && ch <= "Z")
          document.write(ch +
          " is an UpperCase character <br>");
        else if (ch >= "a" && ch <= "z")
          document.write(ch +
          " is an LowerCase character <br>");
        else document.write(ch +
        " is not an alphabetic character <br>");
      }

      // Driver Code

      var ch;
      // Get the character
      ch = "A";

      // Check the character
      check(ch);

      // Get the character
      ch = "a";

      // Check the character
      check(ch);

      // Get the character
      ch = "0";

      // Check the character
      check(ch);

</script>

Output

A is an UpperCase character
a is an LowerCase character
0 is not an alphabetic character

Time Complexity: O(1) as it is doing constant operations
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Approach using C+++ STL:

islower() – check whether a character is lowercase.

isupper() – check whether a character is uppercase.

Below is the implementation of the above approach.

C++

// C++ code to check if a char is uppercase,
// lowercase or not an alphabetic character
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

void check(char ch)
{
    if (isupper(ch))
        cout << ch << " is an UpperCase character\n";

    else if (islower(ch))
        cout << ch << " is an LowerCase character\n";

    else
        cout << ch << " is not an alphabetic character\n";
}

// Driver Code
int main()
{
    char ch;
    ch = 'A';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = 'a';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    // Get the character
    ch = '0';

    // Check the character
    check(ch);

    return 0;
    // This code is contributed by Shivesh Kumar Dwivedi
}

Output

A is an UpperCase character
a is an LowerCase character
0 is not an alphabetic character

Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)