What are the Object Oriented Analysis and Design(OOAD) Phases?

Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) is a methodology for analyzing, designing, and developing software systems based on the principles of object orientation. The process is typically divided into several phases, each focusing on different aspects of the software development life cycle.

Below are the phases of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design:

1. Requirements Gathering

This phase involves gathering and documenting the requirements of the system from stakeholders, including users, customers, and other relevant parties. Requirements are typically captured in a document called the Software Requirements Specification (SRS).

2. Analysis

In this phase, the focus is on understanding the problem domain and identifying the objects, classes, and their relationships that will be part of the software system. Requirements gathered in the previous phase are analyzed to identify the key functionalities and constraints of the system.

3. Design

The design phase focuses on translating the analysis model into a design model. This includes defining the architecture of the system, designing the individual classes and their relationships, and specifying how the system will be implemented.

4. Implementation

In this phase, the design is implemented in code. Object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, or Python are commonly used for implementation. The implementation phase also involves testing and debugging to ensure that the software meets the specified requirements.

5. Testing

The testing phase involves verifying that the software functions correctly and meets the requirements specified in the SRS. Various testing techniques, such as unit testing, integration testing, and system testing, are used to ensure the quality of the software.

6. Deployment

Once the software has been tested and approved, it is deployed to the production environment. This may involve installing the software on users’ computers, servers, or other devices, and ensuring that it operates correctly in the production environment.

7. Maintenance

The maintenance phase involves updating the software to fix bugs, add new features, or improve performance. This phase is ongoing throughout the life cycle of the software.

Overall, the Object-Oriented Analysis and Design process is iterative and involves continuous refinement of the software model based on feedback from stakeholders and testing. It emphasizes modularity, reusability, and scalability, making it a popular approach for developing complex software system