TypeScript null and undefined Type
Last Updated :
11 Mar, 2024
TypeScript, a popular programming language, is widely used for building scalable and robust applications. In this article, we’ll explore the null
and undefined
types, which represent the absence of a value or uninitialized variables.
Null Type
What is Null?
null
represents the intentional absence of any object value.
- It’s often used to signify that a variable or object property does not reference any valid object or value.
Example of Null in TypeScript:
In this example, we will create a function of gfg, that will accept string or null values and then print the result post-narrowing
Javascript
function greet(name: string | null ): void {
if (name === null ) {
console.log( "Hello, Guest!" );
} else {
console.log(`Hello, ${name.toUpperCase()}!`);
}
}
greet( "GeeksforGeeks" );
greet( null );
|
Output:
[LOG]: "Hello, GEEKSFORGEEKS!"
[LOG]: "Hello, Guest!"
Undefined Type
What is Undefined?
undefined
indicates that a variable has been declared but hasn’t been assigned any value.
- It’s commonly used to represent missing function arguments or uninitialized object properties.
Example:
When strictNullChecks is turned off (which is the default behavior), TypeScript is more permissive with null and undefined, and they are treated as assignable to all types. This means you can assign null and undefined to any variable
Javascript
let myVar: string = undefined;
let anotherVar: number = undefined;
console.log(myVar);
console.log(anotherVar);
|
Output:
undefined
undefined
Strict Null Checks
By default, TypeScript is more permissive with null
and undefined
. However, when the strictNullChecks
option is enabled, variables and properties must be explicitly typed as either nullable or non-nullable.
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