Seasonal Rhythm| Class 11 Geography Notes

Seasonal Rhythm is a subpart of the Class 11 Geography Chapter “Climate and Vegetation”. The Seasonal Rhythm tells us about the various occurrences related to the regular and cyclic pattern of the different changes in the weather, temperature, and different flora and fauna. Earth’s position and its rotation play a significant role in the process of Seasonal Rhythm.

In this article, we are going to discuss the Class 11 Geography subtopic Seasonal Rhythm in detail.

Seasonal Rhythm| Class 11 Geography Notes

What Is Seasonal Rhythm?

Seasonal Rhythm refers the events or factors that happen during a particular time in a year. This is a cyclic pattern that denotes the so many changes in our environment in a particular year.

Seasonal Rhythm can also be defined as the daily or weekly rhythm that actively influences the current season in different ways. The Seasonal rhythm helps in the variation process in the day length, temperature of a location, rainfall types, and availability of the resources.

Seasonal Rhythm – Types

Based on the Seasonal Rhythm there are four major types of seasons as mentioned below. As per the climatic conditions of India, these four season types describe the seasonal variation of the country.

• The cold weather season
• The hot weather season
• The southwest monsoon season
• The retreating monsoon season

The Cold Weather Season

The Cold Weather Season starts in the mid-November in the northern part of India. In this season the daily temperature stays below 21°C and December and January are the coldest month of this season. Punjab and Rajasthan sometimes face quite low temperatures in this season.

Here are some major characteristics of The Cold Weather Season as mentioned below.

• The temperature decreases when you move from south to north.
• In the Northern Plains, the temperature varies between 10 – 15 degrees Celsius in this season.
• In this season, the northeast trade winds blow from the landmass to the sea.
• Usually, the places experience warmth in the daytime and coldness in the nighttime.
• In this season the Frost is normal in the Northern side of India.
• Due to the low pressure on the Mediterranean Sea, the winter rains and snowfall are very common at this time.

The Hot Weather Season

The Hot Weather Season is also known as the summer. The season spans between March and May. These are the hottest months in the Western and Southern parts of India.

Here are some major characteristics of The Hot Weather Season as mentioned below.

• In the Hot Weather Season, the sun moves towards the Tropic of Cancer.
• The temperature starts to rise in North India in March.
• During this time the regular temperature varies between 30°-32°C or higher.
• In this season, the winds become more hot, drier, and strong.
• During this season a strong, hot, and dry wind blows over the Indo-Gangetic Plain in between May and June. This wind is also known as “Loo”.
• Some places may face the dust storms in May.
• Thunderstorms and rains are very common due to this time. These are mainly caused by the local wind flow in some regions.
• Heat waves generally happen in the Northwest India.

The Southwest Monsoon Season

The Southwest Monsoon Season begins the rainy season in India. It starts in the month of June and ends in September month. It starts in Kerala first and gradually moves towards the entire country around July. In this season, the winds blow from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal with moisture that causes heavy rainfall.

Here are some major characteristics of The Southwest Monsoon Season as mentioned below.

• Around 75% of rainfall happens in this season. The rainfall percentage decreases when the distance from the sea is increased.
• Temperature remains stable at this time and rises again in the break time of the Monsoon.
• Due to the low pressure, the temperature remains high in the Southern part of India.

The Retreating Monsoon Season

The Retreating Monsoon Season is a three-month period that starts in the middle of September and stays up until early January. It is the withdrawal period of the South West Monsoon. It is three months long when the skies become clear and the temperature increases.

Here are some major characteristics of The Retreating Monsoon Season as mentioned below.

• In this time the low monsoon becomes more weak and high pressure replace it.
• It is the translation period of the climate where the cold winter season comes and replace the hot rainy season.
• In this time, the low pressure shifts to the Bay of Bengal and creates cyclonic depressions in some parts of Indian states like Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

FAQs – Class 11 Geography Seasonal Rhythm

What is the rhythm of seasons class 11?

The rhythm of seasons refers to the regular and cyclical pattern of changes in weather, temperature, flora, and fauna that occur throughout the year. This cycle is primarily driven by the Earth’s axial tilt as it orbits the sun.

What is the seasonal rhythm of India?

India’s climatic conditions are best described in terms of an annual seasonal cycle. According to meteorologists, the four seasons are the cold weather season, the hot weather season, the southwest monsoon season and the retreating monsoon season.

How many seasons are there in India?

The country’s meteorological department follows the international standard of four seasons with some local adjustments: winter (December to February), summer (March to May), monsoon or rainy season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October and November).

What are the 4 types of seasons?

The four seasons are spring, summer, fall, and winter—follow one another regularly. Each has its own light, temperature, and weather patterns that repeat yearly.

What is seasonal rhythm?

Several mechanisms allow living organisms to adapt to seasonal variations in the environment. In certain species, reproduction functions are stimulated at appropriate moments in the yearly cycle, optimizing the newborn’s chances of survival. Such seasonal variations are much less marked in humans.