Program to Convert Hexadecimal Number to Binary

Given a Hexadecimal number as an input, the task is to convert that number to Binary number.

Examples:

Input: Hexadecimal = 1AC5
Output: Binary = 0001101011000101
Explanation:
    Equivalent binary value of 1: 0001
    Equivalent binary value of A: 1010
    Equivalent binary value of C: 1100
    Equivalent binary value of 5: 0101

Input: Hexadecimal = 5D1F
Output: Binary = 0101110100011111

Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

Approach: A hexadecimal number is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16 and uses sixteen distinct symbols.

A binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: which are 0 (zero) and 1 (one).

To convert HexaDecimal number to Binary, the binary equivalent of each digit of the HexaDecimal number is evaluated and combined at the end to get the equivalent binary number.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ program to convert 
// Hexadecimal number to Binary 
  
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// function to convert 
// Hexadecimal to Binary Number 
void HexToBin(string hexdec) 
{ 
    long int i = 0; 
  
    while (hexdec[i]) { 
  
        switch (hexdec[i]) { 
        case '0': 
            cout << "0000"; 
            break; 
        case '1': 
            cout << "0001"; 
            break; 
        case '2': 
            cout << "0010"; 
            break; 
        case '3': 
            cout << "0011"; 
            break; 
        case '4': 
            cout << "0100"; 
            break; 
        case '5': 
            cout << "0101"; 
            break; 
        case '6': 
            cout << "0110"; 
            break; 
        case '7': 
            cout << "0111"; 
            break; 
        case '8': 
            cout << "1000"; 
            break; 
        case '9': 
            cout << "1001"; 
            break; 
        case 'A': 
        case 'a': 
            cout << "1010"; 
            break; 
        case 'B': 
        case 'b': 
            cout << "1011"; 
            break; 
        case 'C': 
        case 'c': 
            cout << "1100"; 
            break; 
        case 'D': 
        case 'd': 
            cout << "1101"; 
            break; 
        case 'E': 
        case 'e': 
            cout << "1110"; 
            break; 
        case 'F': 
        case 'f': 
            cout << "1111"; 
            break; 
        default: 
            cout << "\nInvalid hexadecimal digit "
                 << hexdec[i]; 
        } 
        i++; 
    } 
} 
  
// driver code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Get the Hexadecimal number 
    char hexdec[100] = "1AC5"; 
  
    // Convert HexaDecimal to Binary 
    cout << "\nEquivalent Binary value is : "; 
    HexToBin(hexdec); 
  
    return 0; 
} 

C

// C program to convert 
// Hexadecimal number to Binary 
  
#include <stdio.h> 
  
// function to convert Hexadecimal to Binary Number 
void HexToBin(char* hexdec) 
{ 
  
    long int i = 0; 
  
    while (hexdec[i]) { 
  
        switch (hexdec[i]) { 
        case '0': 
            printf("0000"); 
            break; 
        case '1': 
            printf("0001"); 
            break; 
        case '2': 
            printf("0010"); 
            break; 
        case '3': 
            printf("0011"); 
            break; 
        case '4': 
            printf("0100"); 
            break; 
        case '5': 
            printf("0101"); 
            break; 
        case '6': 
            printf("0110"); 
            break; 
        case '7': 
            printf("0111"); 
            break; 
        case '8': 
            printf("1000"); 
            break; 
        case '9': 
            printf("1001"); 
            break; 
        case 'A': 
        case 'a': 
            printf("1010"); 
            break; 
        case 'B': 
        case 'b': 
            printf("1011"); 
            break; 
        case 'C': 
        case 'c': 
            printf("1100"); 
            break; 
        case 'D': 
        case 'd': 
            printf("1101"); 
            break; 
        case 'E': 
        case 'e': 
            printf("1110"); 
            break; 
        case 'F': 
        case 'f': 
            printf("1111"); 
            break; 
        default: 
            printf("\nInvalid hexadecimal digit %c", 
                   hexdec[i]); 
        } 
        i++; 
    } 
} 
  
// driver code 
int main() 
{ 
  
    // Get the Hexadecimal number 
    char hexdec[100] = "1AC5"; 
  
    // Convert HexaDecimal to Binary 
    printf("\nEquivalent Binary value is : "); 
    HexToBin(hexdec); 
} 

Java

// Java program to convert 
// Hexadecimal number to Binary 
  
public class Improve { 
  
    // function to convert 
    // Hexadecimal to Binary Number 
    static void HexToBin(char hexdec[]) 
    { 
        int i = 0; 
  
        while (hexdec[i] != '\u0000') { 
  
            switch (hexdec[i]) { 
            case '0': 
                System.out.print("0000"); 
                break; 
            case '1': 
                System.out.print("0001"); 
                break; 
            case '2': 
                System.out.print("0010"); 
                break; 
            case '3': 
                System.out.print("0011"); 
                break; 
            case '4': 
                System.out.print("0100"); 
                break; 
            case '5': 
                System.out.print("0101"); 
                break; 
            case '6': 
                System.out.print("0110"); 
                break; 
            case '7': 
                System.out.print("0111"); 
                break; 
            case '8': 
                System.out.print("1000"); 
                break; 
            case '9': 
                System.out.print("1001"); 
                break; 
            case 'A': 
            case 'a': 
                System.out.print("1010"); 
                break; 
            case 'B': 
            case 'b': 
                System.out.print("1011"); 
                break; 
            case 'C': 
            case 'c': 
                System.out.print("1100"); 
                break; 
            case 'D': 
            case 'd': 
                System.out.print("1101"); 
                break; 
            case 'E': 
            case 'e': 
                System.out.print("1110"); 
                break; 
            case 'F': 
            case 'f': 
                System.out.print("1111"); 
                break; 
            default: 
                System.out.print("\nInvalid hexadecimal digit " + hexdec[i]); 
            } 
            i++; 
        } 
    } 
  
    // Driver code 
    public static void main(String args[]) 
    { 
        // Get the Hexadecimal number 
        String s = "1AC5" ; 
        char hexdec[] = new char[100] ; 
            hexdec = s.toCharArray() ; 
  
        // Convert HexaDecimal to Binary 
        System.out.print("\nEquivalent Binary value is : "); 
        try{ 
            HexToBin(hexdec); 
        } 
        catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){ 
            System.out.print(""); 
        } 
  
    } 
    // This code is contributed by ANKITRAI1 
} 
  

C#

// C# program to convert Hexadecimal  
// number to Binary 
  
class GFG  
{ 
  
// function to convert 
// Hexadecimal to Binary Number 
static void HexToBin(char[] hexdec) 
{ 
int i = 0; 
  
while (hexdec[i] != '\u0000')  
{ 
  
    switch (hexdec[i])  
    { 
    case '0': 
        System.Console.Write("0000"); 
        break; 
    case '1': 
        System.Console.Write("0001"); 
        break; 
    case '2': 
        System.Console.Write("0010"); 
        break; 
    case '3': 
        System.Console.Write("0011"); 
        break; 
    case '4': 
        System.Console.Write("0100"); 
        break; 
    case '5': 
        System.Console.Write("0101"); 
        break; 
    case '6': 
        System.Console.Write("0110"); 
        break; 
    case '7': 
        System.Console.Write("0111"); 
        break; 
    case '8': 
        System.Console.Write("1000"); 
        break; 
    case '9': 
        System.Console.Write("1001"); 
        break; 
    case 'A': 
    case 'a': 
        System.Console.Write("1010"); 
        break; 
    case 'B': 
    case 'b': 
        System.Console.Write("1011"); 
        break; 
    case 'C': 
    case 'c': 
        System.Console.Write("1100"); 
        break; 
    case 'D': 
    case 'd': 
        System.Console.Write("1101"); 
        break; 
    case 'E': 
    case 'e': 
        System.Console.Write("1110"); 
        break; 
    case 'F': 
    case 'f': 
        System.Console.Write("1111"); 
        break; 
    default: 
        System.Console.Write("\nInvalid hexadecimal digit " +  
                                                  hexdec[i]); 
        break; 
    } 
    i++; 
} 
} 
  
// Driver code 
static void Main() 
{ 
    // Get the Hexadecimal number 
    string s = "1AC5" ; 
    char[] hexdec = new char[100]; 
           hexdec = s.ToCharArray(); 
  
    // Convert HexaDecimal to Binary 
    System.Console.Write("Equivalent Binary value is : "); 
    try
    { 
        HexToBin(hexdec); 
    } 
    catch (System.IndexOutOfRangeException) 
    { 
        System.Console.Write(""); 
    } 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed by mits 

PHP

<?php 
// PHP program to convert 
// Hexadecimal number to Binary 
  
// function to convert 
// Hexadecimal to Binary Number 
function HexToBin($hexdec) 
{ 
    $i = 0; 
      
    while ($hexdec[$i]) 
    { 
        switch ($hexdec[$i]) 
        { 
        case '0': 
            echo "0000"; 
            break; 
        case '1': 
            echo "0001"; 
            break; 
        case '2': 
            echo "0010"; 
            break; 
        case '3': 
            echo "0011"; 
            break; 
        case '4': 
            echo "0100"; 
            break; 
        case '5': 
            echo "0101"; 
            break; 
        case '6': 
            echo "0110"; 
            break; 
        case '7': 
            echo "0111"; 
            break; 
        case '8': 
            echo "1000"; 
            break; 
        case '9': 
            echo "1001"; 
            break; 
        case 'A': 
        case 'a': 
            echo "1010"; 
            break; 
        case 'B': 
        case 'b': 
            echo "1011"; 
            break; 
        case 'C': 
        case 'c': 
            echo "1100"; 
            break; 
        case 'D': 
        case 'd': 
            echo "1101"; 
            break; 
        case 'E': 
        case 'e': 
            echo "1110"; 
            break; 
        case 'F': 
        case 'f': 
            echo "1111"; 
            break; 
        default: 
            echo "\nInvalid hexadecimal digit ". 
                                    $hexdec[$i]; 
        } 
        $i++; 
    } 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
  
// Get the Hexadecimal number 
$hexdec = "1AC5"; 
  
// Convert HexaDecimal to Binary 
echo "\nEquivalent Binary value is : "; 
HexToBin($hexdec); 
  
// This code is contributed  
// by Akanksha Rai 

Output:

Equivalent Binary value is : 0001101011000101

Alternate Approach :

Python

# Python3 program to convert 
# Hexadecimal number to Binary 
  
def to4DigitBin(value): 
  
    # Converts given binary value into 4-digit  
    # Binary representation. 
    # If given value is '10', it returns '0010' 
    # i.e. 2 times '0' + '10'='00'+'10' 
    return '0'*(4-len(value))+value 
   
def HexadecimalToBinary(inputHexadecimal): 
    resultBinary = '' # Initialize Empty string 
   
    for eachElement in inputHexadecimal: 
  
        # If it's a number digit (in 0 to 9), find it's binary form. 
        if(eachElement.isdigit()): 
  
            # Here bin(number) function returns Binary  
            # representation of number 
            # Ex: bin(10) returns '0b1010', so slice away 
            # the first 2 characters to get '1010' 
            binaryOfSingleDigit = bin(int(eachElement))[2:] 
   
            # Now add the 4-digit Binary representation to  
            # result string 
            resultBinary += to4DigitBin(binaryOfSingleDigit) 
  
        # Since the element is alphabet (in A to E), (assuming  
        # only capital letters) 
        # 'ord(element)-65+10' gives the number representation  
        # ranging 10 to 16 (for A to E) 
        # Ex: For 'B', ord('B')=66, thus 'ord('B')-65+10' => ' 
        # 66-65+10' => '11' 
        elif(eachElement.isalpha() and ord(eachElement) < 71): 
            resultBinary += to4DigitBin(bin(ord(eachElement)-55)[2:]) 
  
        # If invalid character is present   
        else:             
            resultBinary = 'Invalid hexadecimal digit: ' + eachElement 
            break
   
    return 'Equivalent Binary value is: '+ resultBinary 
   
# Driver code 
inputHexadecimal = '1AC5'   # input('Enter Hexadecimal: ') 
print(HexadecimalToBinary(inputHexadecimal)) 
   
# This code is contributed by SBVKrishna 

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My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please try your approach on {IDE} first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

C

Java

C#

PHP

Python

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