JohannIn exams like SSC, Banking, Railways, and others, we find many questions from the General Science section. In this section, Biology topics are considered favorites. We will provide topic-wise practice questions so that students can be able to practice more and more and get most of the questions correct in this section. In this article, we will provide 20 questions from the Genetics section.
Important Questions on Genetics :
Que 1. Who is the father of Genetics?
(a) Darwin
(b) Mendel
(c) Bridge
(d) Wiseman
Ans. (b) Mendel
Explanation – Gregor Johann Mendel is known as the father of Genetics.
Que 2. The unit of heredity referred to which of the following given options?
(a) Chromosomes
(b) chromatin
(c) Gene
(d) None of these
Ans. (c) Gene
Explanation – A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
Que 3. Which one is correctly matched?
(a) Down syndrome – 44 Autosome + XO
(b) Klinefelter’s syndrome – 44 Autosome + XXY
(c) Erythroblastosis fetalis – X linked
(d) Color blindness – Y linked
Ans. (b) Klinefelter’s syndrome – 44 Autosome +XXY
Explanation – Klinefelter’s syndrome also known as 47 + XXY is the set of symptoms that result from two or more X chromosomes in males.
Que 4. The Gene referred to as which of the following given options?
(a) Particular DNA segment which determines the heredity of a particular trait
(b) Half DNA segment of somatic cells
(c) Whole DNA
(d) Half DNA segment
Ans (a) Particular DNA segment which determines the heredity of a particular trait.
Explanation – A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
Que 5. Which technique can be used to establish the paternity of a child from the given options?
(a) Protein analysis
(b) Quantitative
(c) chromosome counting
(d) DNA fingerprinting
Ans. (d) DNA fingerprinting
Explanation – DNA fingerprinting technology is the process of establishing the biological paternal relationship between the individual and his alleged child on the analysis of sample cells taken from each of them.
Que 6. In the following given options, Hemophilia leads to which condition?
(a) Non-clotting of blood
(b) Decrease in WBC
(c) Rheumatic heart disease
(d)Decrease in hemoglobin level
Ans. (a) Non-clotting of blood
Explanation – Hemophilia is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body’s ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.
Que 7. Does nucleosome contain?
(a) Only histones
(b) Only DNA
(c) Both DNA & histones
(d) Both DNA & RNA
Ans. (c) Both DNA & histones
Explanation – The nucleosome core particle contains two copies of each histone’s protein and 146 base pairs of superhelical DNA wrapped around this histone octamer.
Que 8. Which of the following given options has proved that DNA is the genetic material?
(a) Griffith
(b) Watson
(c) Boveri and Sutton
(d) Hershey and chase
Ans. (d) Hershey and chase
Explanation – Hershey and chase and subsequent discoveries all served to prove that DNA is a hereditary material.
Que 9. What does circular DNA contain?
(a) E R & Ribosome
(b) Ribosome & chloroplasts
(c) Ribosome & mitochondria
(d) Mitochondria & chloroplasts
Ans.(d) Mitochondria & chloroplasts
Explanation – Mitochondria & chloroplasts
Que 10. RNA contains.
(a) Hexose
(b) Ribose
(c) Fructose
(d) Glucose
Ans. (b) Ribose
Explanation – RNA contains ribose sugar. It is five-carbon sugar.
Que 11. In the given options, which is not considered a genetic disease?
(a) Huntington’s chorea
(b) Phenylketonuria
(c) Rheumatic heart disease
(d) Tay Sach’s disease
Ans. (c) Rheumatic heart disease
Explanation – Rheumatic heart disease is a condition in which the heart valves have been permanently damaged by rheumatic fever.
Que 12. The no. of hydrogen bonds present between guanine and cytosine in the following given options?
(a) 4
(b) 1
(c) 3
(d) 2
Ans. (c) 3
Explanation – Two hydrogen bonds are present between Adenine and Thymine and three hydrogen bonds are present between Cytosine and Guanine.
Que 13. Synthesis of DNA is called.
(a) Replication
(b) Transcription
(c) Termination
(d) Amination
Ans. (a) Replication
Explanation – DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance.
Que 14. In the genetic dictionary, What is the meaning of “64 codons” in the given options?
(a) 64 amino acids are to be codes
(b) 64 types of t RNA are present
(c) There are 44 nonsense codons and 20 codons
(d) Genetic code is a triplet
Ans. (d) Genetic code is a triplet
Explanation – There are 64 codons in the genetic code dictionary because the genetic code is a triplet.
Que 15. What is the haploid chromosome number of a man?
(a) 24
(b) 23
(c) 46
(d) Indefinite number
Ans. (b) 23
Explanation – The number of chromosomes in a single set is represented as n, which is also called the haploid number in humans.
Que 16. Which colors that color-blind cannot distinguish?
(a) Black and yellow
(b) Yellow and white
(c) Red and green
(d) Green and blue
Ans. (c) Red and green
Explanation – Most color-blind people can see things as clearly as other people but they are unable to fully distinguish red, green, or blue light.
 
Que 17. Which of the given options causes color blindness?
(a) Rod cells
(b) Eye cells
(c) None of these
(d) cone cell
Ans. (d) cone cell
Explanation – Colour vision deficiency is caused by a genetic fault passed on to a child by their parents. It occurs because some of the color-sensitive cells in the eyes, called cones, are either missing or do not work properly.
Que 18. In the following given options, Who coined the term “mutation”?
(a) Lamarck
(b) Hugo de Vries
(c) Darwin
(d) Mendel
Ans. (b) Hugo de Vries
Explanation – The term mutation was coined by Hugo de Vries, while he was working on evening primrose. He observed aberrant types of plants in the F1 generation of two pure breeding varieties.
Que 19. Who first synthesized the ‘artificial gene’ in the laboratory?
(a) Millar
(b) Hugo De Vries
(c) Kelvin
(d) Har Gobind Khorana
Ans. (d) Har Gobind Khorana
Explanation – The synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast RNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and co-workers in 1972.
Que 20. Which law has been called the 2nd law of inheritance?
(a) Independent assortment
(b) Dominance
(c) Segregation
(d) Polygenic inheritance
Ans. (c) Segregation
Explanation– Law of segregation is the second law of inheritance.
 
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