MC Full Form

The MC stands for “menstruation cycle” and is used to describe the succession of occurrences in a woman’s body and to plan for the possibility of conception each month. Up to the age of 51 for women, the menstrual cycle is also regarded as the start of the period. Although the menstrual cycle’s average phase lasts 28 to 34 days, it can last anywhere between 20 and 35 days.

Overview of the Menstruation Cycle 

The menstrual cycle is a component of a woman’s reproductive system that helps the body get ready for the potential of conception each month. The cycle lasts an average of 28 days throughout MC, and there are four major phases in each cycle. The “menses phase,” “follicular phase,” “ovulation,” and “luteal phase” are among the various phases of the menstrual cycle. Menopause, which is the final stage of the menstrual cycle after which women stop ovulating, lasts for 51 years. The follicular phase starts when progesterone and estrogen levels are low. As a result, the endometrium in the higher layers of the uterine lining breaks and ruptures, resulting in monthly bleeding. 

Increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone signal the start of the ovulation phase. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels fall during the luteal phase. The menstrual phase duration ranges from one day to nearly five days. The follicular phase starts on the first day of menstruation, the ovulatory phase lasts from 16 to 33 hours, and the luteal phase lasts roughly 14 hours.

Discussion on Menstrual Hygiene Scheme 

Young girls between the ages of 10 and 19 are encouraged to practice good menstrual hygiene through the “Menstrual Hygiene Scheme” in rural areas. The primary goal of the program is to raise young girls’ understanding of menstrual hygiene in rural areas, a cause supported by India’s “Ministry of Health and Family Welfare”. The program’s role includes increasing the usage of sanitary products of standard quality for adolescent females in rural locations during this time. This action has been done to ensure the secure disposal of all usable sanitary products in a considerate manner that lowers the degree of hygienic conditions in young girls’ reproductive organs. 

The girls feel comfortable talking about their difficulties on this really helpful platform that focuses on menstrual hygiene-related issues. The platform includes reading materials, videos, and audio to help young girls communicate with the scheme’s staff and solve their concerns. It is also designed to raise awareness among young girls about “hygienic and safe menstrual health practices”.

Pregnancy Risks during the Menstruation Cycle 

As sperm can live in a woman’s body for up to 5 to 7 days after cohabitation, a woman can become pregnant shortly after her menstrual cycle. The best chance of becoming pregnant is 11 to 15 days before the start of the next period, at the time of ovulation. This also covers the ovulation phase range, which is what causes a woman to become pregnant once the egg is released from the ovaries. The time windows of 8 to 9 days and 10 to 14 days of the menstrual cycle, respectively, are used to determine if it is possible to conceive after cohabitation.

Reason for Irregularity of the Menstruation Cycle  

Stress, stopping or starting birth control, and normal hormone fluctuations that impact the menstrual cycle are some of the causes of irregular periods. This also includes the adverse effects of some medications that affect the levels of hormones in women’s bodies and how they rise and fall. Another important factor contributing to irregularities in the menstrual cycle is high or low body weight. In addition to period issues, the variability in thyroid levels has a substantial impact on the menstrual cycle. The imbalance of hormones in a woman’s body is caused by insufficient calories, and irregularities start throughout the menstrual cycle.

Menstrual Cycle Phases

The menstrual cycle (MC) has a total of four phases:

1. Menstrual Phase: During this time, blood that is made up of the uterus’ lining leaks out of the vagina. Typically, this bleeding lasts 3 to 4 days.
2. Follicular Phase: The follicular phase is the first stage of the menstrual cycle. When the bleeding ceases following a menstrual cycle, it starts. One follicle only develops into an egg during this stage, when the follicle gets ready to release the egg.
3. Ovulatory Phase: this stage of the cycle starts around day 14. The egg is pulled from the ovary at this point and directed into the fallopian tube. Fertilization is prevented if there is no sperm in the fallopian tube, and the egg will break down in 24 hours.
4. Luteal Phase: If fertilization did not occur in the preceding phase, the corpus luteum, the follicle that bears its name, begins to disintegrate in this phase. It causes the uterus’ inner lining to disintegrate, which results in bleeding or the beginning of the monthly cycle.

Conclusion 

The menstrual cycle, which is a component of a woman’s reproductive system and gives her the chance to conceive, includes the period phase. The phases of the menstrual cycle cause the decrease and rise in hormone levels in women’s bodies.