How does a Device Use CSMA/CA Technology to Avoid Collisions?

Answer: CSMA CA Technology uses the combination of carrier sense, and collision avoidance methods like CCA, random bakeoffs to avoid collisions in the shared communication channels.

Below are the techniques used by CSMA CA technology to avoid collisions:

1. Carrier Sense

Firstly, the devices mainly verifies that the channel is clear. It listens for the ongoing data transmission or the signals from other devices or nodes.

2. Collision Avoidance

Rather than staying idle till the channel becomes free, the CSMA/CA devices mainly uses the techniques to avoid the collisions. This techniques are CAA ( Clear Channel Assessment). This CAA detect the medium for the duration longer than the maximum propagation time of a frame.

3. Random Backoff

When the communication channel is busy, the devices use the random backoff algorithm. In this, they at for the random amount of time before attempting the transmission again.

4. Acknowledgement Mechanism

Once after sending a frame, the device waits for an acknowledgement (ACK) from the receiving device. If there is no ACK received on the time, then it is indicated as collision.

5. Exponential Backoff

In the scenario of collision, the devices uses the exponential back off algorithm. They mainly wait for the random amount rime, which increases the exponentially with the each collision.