How Does a Broadcast Message Propagate in a Tree Topology Network?

Answer: In the tree topology network, all the devices are organized hierarchically with the root device, sending a broadcast message to its immediate child devices, which then propagate the message down to the entire tree structure recursively.

Below are the steps demonstrating the process of broadcasting message propagation in a tree topology network.

1. Broadcast Origin: Firstly, the broadcast message originates from a single device, typically the routing device of the tree.
2. Immediate Child Node: Then the message is first transmitted to all the immediate child devices connected directly to the route device. This child device then gets the message parallel.
3. Propagation Down the Tree: Each child device receives the broadcast message, and then further propagates it to its own child devices. This propagation continues recursively down to the tree structure.
4. No Backtracking: Once the device receives the broadcast message and forwards it to its subsequent child devices, then it does not backtrack or retransmit the message to the devices from which it received the message. These prevent loops and also ensure the proper propagation.
5. Leaf Node: If a device does not have any child, then it simply receives the broadcast message without forwarding it to any other devices.
6. End of Broadcast: The broadcast message propagation continues till all the devices in the tree have either received the message or till it reaches the specific depth of the tree hierarchy.
7. Message Reception: Each device in the tree receives the broadcast message exactly once, ensuring the message is delivered to every node without creating duplicates or redundancies.