Epsilon Naught Value

Epsilon Naught Value is 8.85418782 × 10^-12 m^-3 kg^-1s⁴ A². Epsilon Naught is represented as ε₀ where Epsilon is a Greek letter with 0 as its suffix. Epsilon Naught is used to represent the Permittivity of free space and permittivity is basically the measure of the polarisibility of a material in the presence of an electric field.

Permittivity simply means, that the greater the value of permittivity the more a material will polarise in the presence of the electric field. The permittivity of free space is also called the permittivity of the vacuum. In this article, we will learn what is epsilon naught, what is the value of epsilon naught, the dimensional formula of epsilon naught, and its derivation.

What is Epsilon Naught?

Epsilon Naught, symbolized by the Greek letter ε₀, is equivalent to the permittivity of open space, absolute permittivity, or electric constant. In every location in the cosmos, the Epsilon Naught value remains constant. Vacuum permittivity is represented by ε₀, which is pronounced as either Epsilon Naught or Epsilon Zero. It is the absolute dielectric permittivity of a classical vacuum. The degree of resistance provided to the development of an electric field is known as permittivity.

It is the ability of an electric field to enter a vacuum. This constant connects mechanical quantities like force and length to the units of electric charge. For instance, Coulomb’s law represents the force between two electric charges that separate in the vacuum of classical electromagnetism with spherical symmetry.

Value of Epsilon Naught

The permittivity of free space(ε₀) is the capability of the classical vacuum to permit the electric field, it is the definite defined value that approximates to

ε₀ = 8.854187817 × 10^-12 F.m^-1 (In SI Unit)

OR

ε₀ = 8.854187817 × 10^-12 C²/N.m²(In CGS units)

Epsilon Naught Symbol

Epsilon Naught is symbolized by ε₀.

Units of Epsilon Naught

SI Unit: Farad per meter or F.m^-1.

CGS Unit: Coulomb square per Newton meter squared or C²/N.m²

Dimensional Formula of Epsilon Naught Value

Dimensional Formula of Epsilon Naught is M^-1L^-3T⁴A².

Derivation of the Formula of Epsilon Naught

According to Coulomb’s Law:

F = (1/4πε_₀) q₁q₂/r²

ε_₀ = (1/4πF) q₁q₂/r²

Dimension formula of F = M¹L¹T^-2

Charge = q = I × T = A × T¹, where A= electric current

So, ε_₀ = (1/M¹L¹T^-2)(AT¹×AT¹)/L²

Hence, ε_₀ = M^-1L^-3T⁴A²

Therefore, the dimensional formula of Epsilon Naught turns out to be M^-1L^-3T⁴A²

Read More,

• Electric Field Formula
• Permittivity and Permeability

What is Permittivity?

Permittivity is the measurement of passage of electric field through a material which in turn measures the polarisibility of the material. The property of a vacuum to allow electric fields is known as free space permittivity. When it comes to material media, the permittivity changes since each medium has a unique capacity to allow an electrical field through it; however, since empty space is devoid of matter and fields, the permittivity remains constant. As a result, open space has a constant permittivity with a standard value. The constant has a relative standard uncertainty of 1.5 × 10^-10 and is roughly equivalent to 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m (farad per meter). The standard unit of capacitance used to measure a material’s capacity to store an electric charge is the farad.

The formula for Permittivitty is given as

ε = D/E

where,

• ε is Permittivitty
• D is Displacement Electric Field
• E is Electric Field

The permittivity of unoccupied space is represented by ε₀, or epsilon-naught, which is also related to capacitance and the energy stored in an electric field. Please take note that, unlike metals, dielectrics have no free electrons that may go through the material, therefore when we place them in an electric field, almost no current flows in them. Rather, there is electric polarization. Accordingly, a substance’s permittivity is its capacity to permit the electric field to flow through it.

Permittivity of Free Space

A physical constant that represents the capacity of electrical fields to flow through a classical vacuum is called the permittivity of free space. Free space has a permittivity of its own, much like every other medium does. The vacuum is the medium in this instance. Hence, Permittivity of Free Space is also called Permittivity of Vacuum. The electric constant, or vacuum permittivity, is another name for the permittivity of free space. In a certain medium, such a vacuum, permittivity is the constant that determines the proportionality between electric displacement and electric field intensity. The value of Permittivity of free space is 8.854 x 10^-12 F/m. The formula of Permittivity of free space is given as

ε₀ = ε/ε_r

where,

• ε is the Permittivity
• ε_r is the Relative Permittivity

Significance of Epsilon Naught

Some of the important usecase of significance of Epsilon Naught are:

• Epsilon Naught indicates the open space’s or vacuum dielectric permittivity.
• Since space permittivity is a constant, it is frequently utilized in numerical issues.
• Using Coulomb’s law, it is used to determine the force between two charged particles.
• Epsilon Naught is employed to determine an insulator’s capacitance.
• The dielectric constant of a substance is computed using the value of Epsilon Naught.

Epsilon Naught Value – FAQs

1. What does the Epsilon Naught Value mean?

The permittivity of open space is referred to as Epsilon Naught in physics. Moreover, this is a mathematical quantity that illustrates the maximum allowed electric field in open space or a vacuum. Epsilon of water, on the other hand, refers to the maximum intensity of an electric field that can pass through or be allowed to exist in water.

2. What is the value of Epsilon Naught?

The potential of the classical vacuum to admit the electric field is what is meant to be understood by the permittivity of empty space (ε₀). ε₀= 8.854187817 × 10^-12 F.m^-1 (in SI units) or ε₀ = 8.854187817 × 10^-12 C²/N.m² (in CGS units) is the approximate value of Epsilon Naught.

3. Define Permittivity.

Permittivity is the measurement of electric polarisability of a dielectric measured in presence of electric field

4. What is the unit of Epsilon Naught?

• SI Unit of Epsilon Naught is Farad per meter or F.m^-1
• CGS Unit of Epsilon Naught is Coulomb square per Newton meter squared or C²/N.m²

5. What is the importance of Epsilon Naught Value?

The dielectric permittivity of the free space is represented by it. A material’s dielectric constant is determined by taking its value, or Epsilon Naught.