Environmental Pollution| Class 12 Geography Notes

Environmental Pollution is a subpart of the Class 12 Geography Chapter 9 which is Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems. It talks about the different types of pollution and gives us a view of the contamination of the environment. Environmental pollution is a serious matter in the modern context.

Today in this article, we are going to discuss Class 12 Geography Notes Chapter 9 subpart Environmental Pollution in detail.

What Is Environmental Pollution?

Environmental Pollution is a state of contamination of our atmosphere and its surroundings like air, water, and soil. This pollution affects the environment actively and makes them unsuitable for further use. These are the short-term or the long-term processes that can affect our ecological health and its resources.

Types Of Environmental Pollution

Environmental Pollution is a state when which pollutants contaminate the environment and affect its substances and useful resources. Here are some major Types Of Environmental Pollution as mentioned below.

Air Pollution

The air consists of 87 percent of nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen with some other important gases. Some other gases may include hydrogen and carbon dioxide. When so many harmful gases start to mix in the fresh air, it starts to be polluted. Polluted air may cause so many different health issues and majorly it affects our respiratory system.

Water Pollution

The water pollution happens due to the mixing of the harmful elements into the different water bodies present on Earth. The living organisms majorly depend on the water to sustain their life cycle. Water pollution also impacts the different levels of the ecosystem specifically the aquatic ecosystem.

Soil Pollution

Soil Pollution is defined as when harmful substances contaminate the soil with different types of toxic elements mainly plastics. Different types of petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, lead elements, and other chemicals actively create soil pollution.

Noise Pollution

Noise Pollution happens when unusual and unpleasant sounds contaminate the environment through the mode of transportation, and infrastructure works on by the heavy machines. The noise pollution may affect us both in a mental and physical way. It creates high levels of stress, hypertension and sometimes hearing loss.

Effects Of The Environmental Pollution

Here are the major effects of the Environmental Pollution as mentioned below.

• Environmental Pollution creates so many heath problems like respiratory diseases, heart problems or sometimes it may create the possibility of cancer.
• Children and pregnant women have a higher risk of having different health problems due the the different types of pollution.
• Air pollution increases cardiovascular and respiratory problems. It may affect our skin and also cause different types of skin diseases.
• Air pollution is the major factor of global warming that leads the ozone layer depletion. It also hampers and creates hazards for the wildlife.
• Acid rain is another problem that happens due to air pollution. It is a dangerous type of rain that consists of nitrous oxide or sulfur dioxide. These both react with the rainwater and contaminate the rain with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The acid rain affects the soil and water.

Conclusion – Class 12 Geography Notes Chapter 9 Environmental Pollution

Class 12 Geography Chapter 9 talks about the Environmental Pollution. Environmental Pollution is a state of contamination of our atmosphere and its surroundings like air, water, and soil. In this article, we have learned about the different types of envitionmental pollution and its effects in detail.

Environmental Pollution- FAQs

What is environmental pollution class 12 geography?

Environmental Pollution refers to the introduction of contaminated particles into the physical and biological components of the atmosphere and earth’s surface.

What is water pollution class 12 geography?

Water pollution can be defined as the contamination of water bodies by various pollutants. It is caused by organic and inorganic industrial waste or household waste which is discharged into rivers.

What is air pollution class 12 geography?

Air pollution refers to any physical, chemical or biological change in the air. It is the contamination of air by harmful gases, dust and smoke which affects plants, animals and humans drastically. There is a certain percentage of gases present in the atmosphere.

What are 4 types of environmental pollution?

The major kinds of pollution, usually classified by environment, are air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. Modern society is also concerned about specific types of pollutants, such as noise pollution, light pollution, and plastic pollution.

What are the causes of environmental pollution?

From transportation to agriculture, human activities are polluting the environment. Smoke emitted from vehicles pollutes the air, while pesticides and fertilisers used for agriculture pollute our land. Excessive noise from loudspeakers, traffic, factories, etc., causes noise pollution.

What are 3 natural causes of pollution?

Nature releases hazardous substances into the air, such as smoke from wildfires, which are often caused by people; ash and gases from volcanic eruptions; and gases, like methane, which are emitted from decomposing organic matter in soils.

What are the examples of water pollutants?

Water pollutants include contamination due to domestic wastes, insecticides and herbicides, food processing waste, pollutants from livestock operations, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, chemical waste, and others.

What are the examples of land pollution?

This could include anything from mining to agriculture to building, and consequences may be intentional or unintentional. Land pollution includes legacy pollution, illegal dumping and litter. Legacy pollution is when land is contaminated from prior use of chemicals that have remained over time.