Difference Between Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus

Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus were sauropod dinosaurs that dominated the Earth in the late Jurassic period. Both of these dinosaurs were herbivores. Apatosaurus had a horizontal posture, a long neck, and a sturdy body, reaching lengths of 70 to 90 feet and was found in North America. Brachiosaurus on the other hand was one of the largest sauropods. It had a comparatively upright body like a giraffe, with longer front legs and nasal openings on top of the head. It reached lengths of over 85 feet and was found in North America, Africa, and Europe.

Difference Between Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus

Both Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus were sauropods. The features that distinguished them are listed in the table below.

Features	Apatosaurus	Brachiosaurus
Time period	Existed during the Late Jurassic Period	Existed during the Late Jurassic Period and Early Cretaceous.
Location	North America	North America, Europe, and Africa
Size	Smaller with an average height of 23 metres and body weight 45 tonnes.	Larger with an average height of 25 metres and body weight 80 tonnes.
Posture and Body type	More Horizontal and barrel like body.	More Upright and slender body.
Neck	Shorter and held horizontally	Longer and held vertically
Skull	Elongated and narrow	Short and broad
Teeth	Chisel -shaped	Spoon or pencil-shaped
Tail	Long and whip like .	Short
Limbs	The forelimbs were shorter than the hind limbs.	The forelimbs were longer than hind limbs.
Diet	Fed on low lying plants	Fed on tall plants.

What is an Apatosaurus?

The first species of Apatosaurus was formally described by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1877. Since then several fossils of this genus have been discovered in the Morrison formation which includes several parts of the Western United States like Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. It is believed that these dinosaurs thrived around 150 million years ago on Earth and primarily dominated the North American continent in the Late Jurassic period.

Taxonomic Classification of Apatosaurus

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Order: Saurischia
• Suborder: Sauropodomorpha
• Family: Diplodocidae
• Genus: Apatosaurus

Characteristics of Apatosaurus

Apatosaurus, like other sauropod dinosaurs, had distinctive morphological and anatomical characteristics that are evident in its skeleton. Some of these characteristics are listed below:

1. Apatosaurus were robust four legged animals that reached the lengths of about 70-90 feet.
2. Skeletal studies suggest that they had more or less horizontal posture.
3. The neck was long and consisted of 15 elongated cervical vertebrae.
4. The skull of Apatosaurus was relatively small and elongated, with nostrils positioned on the top of the head.
5. The teeth were chisel shaped which suggest that these animals were herbivores.
6. Their tail was whip like and is assumed to have been used as a weapon, sound producing organ, and for sensory perception.
7. The body of Apatosaurus was barrel shaped with deep and widened rib cage.
8. The limbs were pillar-like and were adapted to bear the heavy body.
9. The forelimbs of Apatosaurus were shorter than their hind limbs and had only one claw on each.
10. The hind limbs were larger and had three claws on each.

What is a Brachiosaurus?

The discovery of Brachiosaurus fossil in 1903 is credited to American paleontologist Elmer S. Riggs. Riggs formally named the first species of Brachiosaurus as Brachiosaurus altithorax in 1903. These animals belonged to sauropod group and were characterised by long necks, short heads and longer forelimbs in comparison to hind limbs. These animals are believed to be comparitively rare and thrived in parts of North America, Europe, and Africa during Late Jurassic and early Cretaceous period.

Taxonomic Classification of Brachiosaurus

• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Order: Saurischia
• Suborder: Sauropodomorpha
• Family: Brachiosauridae
• Genus: Brachiosaurus

Characteristics of Brachiosaurus

Most of the fossils of Brachiosaurus are incomplete. However studies suggest that Brachiosaurus had some distinctive feature that made them unique among the sauropods. Some of these features of Brachiosaurus are listed below:

1. Brachiosaurus were large and tall dinosaurs that reached the heights of about 25 metres.
2. They had comparatively upright posture than other sauropods.
3. They had extremely long necks with elongated cervical vertebrae.
4. The skull of Brachiosaurus was relatively short and broad, with nostrils positioned on the top of the head.
5. The teeth are supposed to be spoon-shaped and were adapted for herbivory.
6. Tails were shorter in comparison to Apatosaurus.
7. The limbs of Brachiosaurus were pillar like and were adapted to bear the massive body weight.
8. Reconstructed fossils suggest longer forelimbs than the hind limbs giving it an ascending posture.

Conclusion – Difference Between Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus

The fossil studies of Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus hold their significance in understanding Jurassic ecosystems and dinosaur evolution. These giants provide crucial insights into various herbivorous strategies supported by their unique anatomy. A comparative analysis also helps in deciphering dinosaur diversity, adaptations, and distribution across continents during the Late Jurassic and early cretaceous period. Additionally, the study of these fossil also help us to understand the biomechanics of these large sauropods and how evolution shaped the population through the ages.

FAQs on Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus

What is the Difference Between Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus?

Apatosaurus were comparatively smaller than Brachiosaurus and had a horizontal posture. On the other hand Brachiosaurus had a robust body and an upright posture due to its longer forelimbs and vertically held neck.

How does Brontosaurus Differ from Brachiosaurus?

Brontosaurus has a more horizontally held neck and a heavier, wider body, while Brachiosaurus exhibits a more vertically oriented neck and a relatively longer, slender body.

What do We Mean by Sauropod Dinosaurs?

Sauropod dinosaurs were massive, long-necked, herbivorous dinosaurs that existed from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous periods.

Is Apatosaurus is Same as Brontosaurus?

No, Apatosaurus and Brontosaurus are not the same. Recent research suggests that Brontosaurus is a valid genus, distinct from Apatosaurus, with differences in skeletal characteristics such as the shape of the vertebrae and the length of neck.

Where are the Fossils of Apatosaurus and Brachiosaurus Found?

Fossils of Apatosaurus have been predominantly found in North America, particularly in states like Colorado, Oklahoma, and Wyoming. Brachiosaurus fossils have been discovered in North America, Africa, and Europe, with notable finds in the United States, Tanzania, and Portugal.

Who is Bigger Brachiosaurus or Apatosaurus?

Brachiosaurus is larger than Apatosaurus. Brachiosaurus is one of the largest dinosaurs, growing to 23 meters long and 12 meters high. Apatosaurus is about 20–23 meters long.

Which Came First Apatosaurus or Brontosaurus?

Apatosaurus was first described in 1877, two years before Brontosaurus. In 1903, Brontosaurus was reclassified as a type of Apatosaurus because it was so similar.