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Convert a Binary Tree such that every node stores the sum of all nodes in its right subtree

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Given a binary tree, change the value in each node to sum of all the values in the nodes in the right subtree including its own.

Examples:  

Input : 
     1
   /   \
 2      3
Output : 
    4
  /   \
 2     3

Input : 
       1
      / \
     2   3
    / \   \
   4   5   6
Output :
       10
      / \
     7   9
    / \   \
   4   5   6

Approach : The idea is to traverse the given binary tree in bottom up manner. Recursively compute the sum of nodes in right and left subtrees. Accumulate sum of nodes in the right subtree to the current node and return sum of nodes under current subtree. 

Below is the implementation of above approach.  

C++




// C++ program to store sum of nodes in
// right subtree in every node
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Node of tree
struct Node {
    int data;
    Node *left, *right;
};
 
// Function to create a new node
struct Node* createNode(int item)
{
    Node* temp = new Node;
    temp->data = item;
    temp->left = NULL;
    temp->right = NULL;
 
    return temp;
}
 
// Function to build new tree with
// all nodes having the sum of all
// nodes in its right subtree
int updateBTree(Node* root)
{
    // Base cases
    if (!root)
        return 0;
    if (root->left == NULL && root->right == NULL)
        return root->data;
 
    // Update right and left subtrees
    int rightsum = updateBTree(root->right);
    int leftsum = updateBTree(root->left);
 
    // Add rightsum to current node
    root->data += rightsum;
 
    // Return sum of values under root
    return root->data + leftsum;
}
 
// Function to traverse tree in inorder way
void inorder(struct Node* node)
{
    if (node == NULL)
        return;
    inorder(node->left);
    cout << node->data << " ";
    inorder(node->right);
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    /* Let us construct a binary tree
            1
           / \
          2   3
         / \   \
        4   5   6       */
    struct Node* root = NULL;
    root = createNode(1);
    root->left = createNode(2);
    root->right = createNode(3);
    root->left->left = createNode(4);
    root->left->right = createNode(5);
    root->right->right = createNode(6);
 
    // new tree construction
    updateBTree(root);
 
    cout << "Inorder traversal of the modified tree is \n";
    inorder(root);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program to store sum of nodes in
// right subtree in every node
class GFG
{
 
// Node of tree
static class Node
{
    int data;
    Node left, right;
};
 
// Function to create a new node
static Node createNode(int item)
{
    Node temp = new Node();
    temp.data = item;
    temp.left = null;
    temp.right = null;
 
    return temp;
}
 
// Function to build new tree with
// all nodes having the sum of all
// nodes in its right subtree
static int updateBTree(Node root)
{
    // Base cases
    if (root == null)
        return 0;
    if (root.left == null && root.right == null)
        return root.data;
 
    // Update right and left subtrees
    int rightsum = updateBTree(root.right);
    int leftsum = updateBTree(root.left);
 
    // Add rightsum to current node
    root.data += rightsum;
 
    // Return sum of values under root
    return root.data + leftsum;
}
 
// Function to traverse tree in inorder way
static void inorder( Node node)
{
    if (node == null)
        return;
    inorder(node.left);
    System.out.print( node.data + " ");
    inorder(node.right);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[])
{
    /* Let us construct a binary tree
        1
        / \
        2 3
        / \ \
        4 5 6 */
    Node root = null;
    root = createNode(1);
    root.left = createNode(2);
    root.right = createNode(3);
    root.left.left = createNode(4);
    root.left.right = createNode(5);
    root.right.right = createNode(6);
 
    // new tree construction
    updateBTree(root);
 
    System.out.print( "Inorder traversal of the modified tree is \n");
    inorder(root);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu


Python3




# Program to convert expression tree
# from prefix expression
 
# Helper function that allocates a new
# node with the given data and None
# left and right pointers.                                
class createNode:
 
    # Construct to create a new node
    def __init__(self, key):
        self.data = key
        self.left = None
        self.right = None
         
# Function to build new tree with
# all nodes having the sum of all
# nodes in its right subtree
def updateBTree( root):
 
    # Base cases
    if (not root):
        return 0
    if (root.left == None and
        root.right == None):
        return root.data
 
    # Update right and left subtrees
    rightsum = updateBTree(root.right)
    leftsum = updateBTree(root.left)
 
    # Add rightsum to current node
    root.data += rightsum
 
    # Return sum of values under root
    return root.data + leftsum
 
# Function to traverse tree in inorder way
def inorder(node):
 
    if (node == None):
        return
    inorder(node.left)
    print(node.data, end = " ")
    inorder(node.right)
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
     
    """ Let us convert binary tree
        1
    / \
    2 3
    / \ \
    4 5 6 """
    root = None
    root = createNode(1)
    root.left = createNode(2)
    root.right = createNode(3)
    root.left.left = createNode(4)
    root.left.right = createNode(5)
    root.right.right = createNode(6)
 
    # new tree construction
    updateBTree(root)
 
    print("Inorder traversal of the",
          "modified tree is")
    inorder(root)
 
# This code is contributed by
# Shubham Singh(SHUBHAMSINGH10)


C#




// C# program to store sum of nodes in
// right subtree in every node
using System;
     
class GFG
{
 
// Node of tree
public class Node
{
    public int data;
    public Node left, right;
};
 
// Function to create a new node
static Node createNode(int item)
{
    Node temp = new Node();
    temp.data = item;
    temp.left = null;
    temp.right = null;
 
    return temp;
}
 
// Function to build new tree with
// all nodes having the sum of all
// nodes in its right subtree
static int updateBTree(Node root)
{
    // Base cases
    if (root == null)
        return 0;
    if (root.left == null && root.right == null)
        return root.data;
 
    // Update right and left subtrees
    int rightsum = updateBTree(root.right);
    int leftsum = updateBTree(root.left);
 
    // Add rightsum to current node
    root.data += rightsum;
 
    // Return sum of values under root
    return root.data + leftsum;
}
 
// Function to traverse tree in inorder way
static void inorder( Node node)
{
    if (node == null)
        return;
    inorder(node.left);
    Console.Write( node.data + " ");
    inorder(node.right);
}
 
// Driver code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    /* Let us construct a binary tree
        1
        / \
        2 3
        / \ \
        4 5 6 */
    Node root = null;
    root = createNode(1);
    root.left = createNode(2);
    root.right = createNode(3);
    root.left.left = createNode(4);
    root.left.right = createNode(5);
    root.right.right = createNode(6);
 
    // new tree construction
    updateBTree(root);
 
    Console.Write( "Inorder traversal of the modified tree is \n");
    inorder(root);
}
}
 
// This code contributed by Rajput-Ji


Javascript




<script>
// Javascript program to store sum of nodes in
// right subtree in every node
 
 
// Node of tree
class Node
{
    constructor()
    {
        this.data = 0;
        this.left = null;
        this.right = null;
    }
};
 
// Function to create a new node
function createNode(item)
{
    var temp = new Node();
    temp.data = item;
    temp.left = null;
    temp.right = null;
 
    return temp;
}
 
// Function to build new tree with
// all nodes having the sum of all
// nodes in its right subtree
function updateBTree(root)
{
 
    // Base cases
    if (root == null)
        return 0;
    if (root.left == null && root.right == null)
        return root.data;
 
    // Update right and left subtrees
    var rightsum = updateBTree(root.right);
    var leftsum = updateBTree(root.left);
 
    // Add rightsum to current node
    root.data += rightsum;
 
    // Return sum of values under root
    return root.data + leftsum;
}
 
// Function to traverse tree in inorder way
function inorder(node)
{
    if (node == null)
        return;
    inorder(node.left);
    document.write( node.data + " ");
    inorder(node.right);
}
 
// Driver code
/* Let us construct a binary tree
    1
    / \
    2 3
    / \ \
    4 5 6 */
var root = null;
root = createNode(1);
root.left = createNode(2);
root.right = createNode(3);
root.left.left = createNode(4);
root.left.right = createNode(5);
root.right.right = createNode(6);
 
// new tree construction
updateBTree(root);
document.write( "Inorder traversal of the modified tree is <br>");
inorder(root);
 
// This code is contributed by famously.
</script>


Output

Inorder traversal of the modified tree is 
4 7 5 10 9 6 

Complexity Analysis:

  • Time Complexity: O(n)
  • Auxiliary space: O(n) for implicit call stack as using recursion


Last Updated : 22 Aug, 2022
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