Circular Linked List | Set 2 (Traversal)

We have discussed Circular Linked List Introduction and Applications, in the previous post on Circular Linked List. In this post, traversal operation is discussed.

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE” first, before moving on to the solution.

In a conventional linked list, we traverse the list from the head node and stop the traversal when we reach NULL. In a circular linked list, we stop traversal when we reach the first node again. Following is C code for linked list traversal.

/* Function to traverse a given Circular linked list and print nodes */
void printList(struct Node *first) 
{ 
    struct Node *temp = first;  
  
    // If linked list is not empty 
    if (first != NULL)  
    { 
        // Keep printing nodes till we reach the first node again 
        do
        { 
            printf("%d ", temp->data); 
            temp = temp->next; 
        } 
        while (temp != first); 
    } 
} 

Complete program to demonstrate traversal. Following are complete programs to demonstrate traversal of circular linked list.

C++

// C++ program to implement  
// the above approach  
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
/* structure for a node */
class Node  
{  
    public: 
    int data;  
    Node *next;  
};  
  
/* Function to insert a node at the beginning  
of a Circular linked list */
void push(Node **head_ref, int data)  
{  
    Node *ptr1 = new Node(); 
    Node *temp = *head_ref;  
    ptr1->data = data;  
    ptr1->next = *head_ref;  
  
    /* If linked list is not NULL then  
    set the next of last node */
    if (*head_ref != NULL)  
    {  
        while (temp->next != *head_ref)  
            temp = temp->next;  
        temp->next = ptr1;  
    }  
    else
        ptr1->next = ptr1; /*For the first node */
  
    *head_ref = ptr1;  
}  
  
/* Function to print nodes in  
a given Circular linked list */
void printList(Node *head)  
{  
    Node *temp = head;  
    if (head != NULL)  
    {  
        do
        {  
            cout << temp->data << " ";  
            temp = temp->next;  
        }  
        while (temp != head);  
    }  
}  
  
/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main()  
{  
    /* Initialize lists as empty */
    Node *head = NULL;  
  
    /* Created linked list will be 11->2->56->12 */
    push(&head, 12);  
    push(&head, 56);  
    push(&head, 2);  
    push(&head, 11);  
  
    cout << "Contents of Circular Linked List\n ";  
    printList(head);  
  
    return 0;  
}  
  
// This is code is contributed by rathbhupendra 

C

// C program to implement 
// the above approach 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<stdlib.h> 
  
/* structure for a node */
struct Node 
{ 
    int data; 
    struct Node *next; 
}; 
  
/* Function to insert a node at the beginning of a Circular 
   linked list */
void push(struct Node **head_ref, int data) 
{ 
    struct Node *ptr1 = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node)); 
    struct Node *temp = *head_ref; 
    ptr1->data = data; 
    ptr1->next = *head_ref; 
  
    /* If linked list is not NULL then set the next of last node */
    if (*head_ref != NULL) 
    { 
        while (temp->next != *head_ref) 
            temp = temp->next; 
        temp->next = ptr1; 
    } 
    else
        ptr1->next = ptr1; /*For the first node */
  
    *head_ref = ptr1; 
} 
  
/* Function to print nodes in a given Circular linked list */
void printList(struct Node *head) 
{ 
    struct Node *temp = head; 
    if (head != NULL) 
    { 
        do
        { 
            printf("%d ", temp->data); 
            temp = temp->next; 
        } 
        while (temp != head); 
    } 
} 
  
/* Driver program to test above functions */
int main() 
{ 
    /* Initialize lists as empty */
    struct Node *head = NULL; 
  
    /* Created linked list will be 11->2->56->12 */
    push(&head, 12); 
    push(&head, 56); 
    push(&head, 2); 
    push(&head, 11); 
  
    printf("Contents of Circular Linked List\n "); 
    printList(head); 
  
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program to implement 
// the above approach 
class GFG 
{ 
  
// node  
static class Node 
{ 
    int data; 
    Node next; 
}; 
  
/* Function to insert a node 
at the beginning of a Circular 
linked list */
static Node push(Node head_ref,  
                 int data) 
{ 
    Node ptr1 = new Node(); 
    Node temp = head_ref; 
    ptr1.data = data; 
    ptr1.next = head_ref; 
  
    /* If linked list is not null  
    then set the next of last node */
    if (head_ref != null) 
    { 
        while (temp.next != head_ref) 
            temp = temp.next; 
        temp.next = ptr1; 
    } 
    else
        ptr1.next = ptr1;  
  
    head_ref = ptr1; 
      
    return head_ref; 
} 
  
/* Function to print nodes in a  
given Circular linked list */
static void printList(Node head) 
{ 
    Node temp = head; 
    if (head != null) 
    { 
        do
        { 
            System.out.print(temp.data + " "); 
            temp = temp.next; 
        } 
        while (temp != head); 
    } 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
public static void main(String args[]) 
{ 
    /* Initialize lists as empty */
    Node head = null; 
  
    /* Created linked list will 
       be 11.2.56.12 */
    head = push(head, 12); 
    head = push(head, 56); 
    head = push(head, 2); 
    head = push(head, 11); 
  
    System.out.println("Contents of Circular " +  
                                "Linked List:"); 
    printList(head); 
} 
} 
  
// This code is contributed 
// by Arnab Kundu 

Python

# Python program to demonstrate  
# circular linked list traversal  
  
# Structure for a Node 
class Node: 
      
    # Constructor to create  a new node 
    def __init__(self, data): 
        self.data = data  
        self.next = None
  
class CircularLinkedList: 
      
    # Constructor to create a empty circular linked list 
    def __init__(self): 
        self.head = None
  
    # Function to insert a node at the beginning of a 
    # circular linked list 
    def push(self, data): 
        ptr1 = Node(data) 
        temp = self.head 
          
        ptr1.next = self.head 
  
        # If linked list is not None then set the next of 
        # last node 
        if self.head is not None: 
            while(temp.next != self.head): 
                temp = temp.next 
            temp.next = ptr1 
  
        else: 
            ptr1.next = ptr1 # For the first node 
  
        self.head = ptr1  
  
    # Function to print nodes in a given circular linked list 
    def printList(self): 
        temp = self.head 
        if self.head is not None: 
            while(True): 
                print "%d" %(temp.data), 
                temp = temp.next
                if (temp == self.head): 
                    break 
  
  
# Driver program to test above function 
  
# Initialize list as empty 
cllist = CircularLinkedList() 
  
# Created linked list will be 11->2->56->12 
cllist.push(12) 
cllist.push(56) 
cllist.push(2) 
cllist.push(11) 
  
print "Contents of circular Linked List"
cllist.printList() 
            
# This code is contributed by  
# Nikhil Kumar Singh(nickzuck_007) 

C#

// C# program to implement  
// the above approach  
using System; 
class GFG  
{  
  
// node  
class Node  
{  
    public int data;  
    public Node next;  
};  
  
/* Function to insert a node  
at the beginning of a Circular  
linked list */
static Node push(Node head_ref,  
                int data)  
{  
    Node ptr1 = new Node();  
    Node temp = head_ref;  
    ptr1.data = data;  
    ptr1.next = head_ref;  
  
    /* If linked list is not null  
    then set the next of last node */
    if (head_ref != null)  
    {  
        while (temp.next != head_ref)  
            temp = temp.next;  
        temp.next = ptr1;  
    }  
    else
        ptr1.next = ptr1;  
  
    head_ref = ptr1;  
      
    return head_ref;  
}  
  
/* Function to print nodes in a  
given Circular linked list */
static void printList(Node head)  
{  
    Node temp = head;  
    if (head != null)  
    {  
        do
        {  
            Console.Write(temp.data + " ");  
            temp = temp.next;  
        }  
        while (temp != head);  
    }  
}  
  
// Driver Code  
static public void Main(String []args)  
{  
    /* Initialize lists as empty */
    Node head = null;  
  
    /* Created linked list will  
    be 11.2.56.12 */
    head = push(head, 12);  
    head = push(head, 56);  
    head = push(head, 2);  
    head = push(head, 11);  
  
    Console.WriteLine("Contents of Circular " +  
                                "Linked List:");  
    printList(head);  
}  
}  
  
// This code is contributed  
// by Arnab Kundu  

Output:

Contents of Circular Linked List
11 2 56 12

You may like to see following posts on Circular Linked List
Split a Circular Linked List into two halves
Sorted insert for circular linked list

We will soon be discussing the implementation of insert delete operations for circular linked lists.

Please write comments if you find any bug in above code/algorithm, or find other ways to solve the same problem

My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE” first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

C

Java

Python

C#

Recommended Posts: