Spring MVC and Hibernate CRUD Example

In this article, we will be developing CRUD operations in Spring MVC and Hibernate. Hibernate is an object-relational mapping (ORM) framework. Developers use Hibernate to interact with databases using Java objects rather than SQL queries.

Spring MVC is a Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework used to build web applications in Java. The Spring MVC pattern has three parts:

• Model: The model contains the data that needs to be displayed on the view. A simple POJO class can be considered as a model.
• View: The view is used for rendering the UI Operations.
• Controller: The controller accepts user requests and passes them to the view for rendering.

Student Management System using Spring MVC and Hibernate CRUD

In this article, we will be creating a Student Management System using Spring MVC and Hibernate CRUD.

Prerequisites for the Topic:

• JDK 7
• MySQL Database
• IDE (Spring Tool Suite or Eclipse)

Steps to Setup a Project

Step 1: Create a Project

• Open Spring Initializr (https://start.spring.io/) to generate a simple project with the following dependencies:
  • Spring Web
  • Thymeleaf
  • Spring Data JPA
  • My SQL Database

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>Student_Management</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Student_Management</name>
    <description>Demo project for Student_Management</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.persistence-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Project Structure:

Step 2: Database Configuration

• Add below code in “application.properties” file

# MySQL Database Configuration
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student_management
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=admin
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
# Hibernate Configuration
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update

Note: Here we are Using MySQL database, but in Spring there are lots of Databases available so you can change configuration to database.

Step 3: Create a Model class – Student.java

Java

package com.demo.model;

import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Student {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String enrolledcourse;
    public Student()
    {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Student(Long id,String name,int age,String enrolledcourse)
    {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.enrolledcourse = enrolledcourse;
    }
    public Long getId() {
      return id;
    }
    public void setId(Long id) {
      this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
      return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
      return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
      this.age = age;
    }
    public String getEnrolledcourse()
    {
        return enrolledcourse;
    }
    public void setEnrolledcourse(String enrolledcourse)
    {
        this.enrolledcourse = enrolledcourse;
    }
}

Step 4: Create a Repository Interface – StudentRepository.java

Java

package com.demo.repository;

import com.demo.model.Student;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface StudentRepository
    extends JpaRepository<Student, Long> {
}

Step 5: Create Service Interface – StudentService.java

Java

package com.demo.service;

import com.demo.model.Student;
import java.util.List;

public interface StudentService {
    List<Student> getAllStudents();

    Student getStudentById(Long id);

    void saveStudent(Student student);

    void deleteStudent(Long id);
}

Step 6: Create StudentService Implementation Class – StudentServiceImpl

Java

package com.demo.service;
import com.demo.model.Student;
import com.demo.repository.StudentRepository;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    @Autowired private StudentRepository studentRepository;

    @Override public List<Student> getAllStudents()
    {
        return studentRepository.findAll();
    }

    @Override public Student getStudentById(Long id)
    {
        return studentRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);
    }

    @Override public void saveStudent(Student student)
    {
        studentRepository.save(student);
    }

    @Override public void deleteStudent(Long id)
    {
        studentRepository.deleteById(id);
    }
}

Step 7: Create StudentController Class – StudentController.java

Java

package com.demo.controller;

import com.demo.model.Student;
import com.demo.service.StudentService;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/students")
public class StudentController {
    @Autowired private StudentService studentService;

    @GetMapping public String listStudents(Model model)
    {
        List<Student> students
            = studentService.getAllStudents();
        model.addAttribute("students", students);
        return "student/list"; // This should match with the actual template path
    }

    @GetMapping("/add")
    public String showAddForm(Model model)
    {
        model.addAttribute("student", new Student());
        return "student/add";
    }

    @PostMapping("/add")
    public String
    addStudent(@ModelAttribute("student") Student student)
    {
        studentService.saveStudent(student);
        return "redirect:/students";
    }

    @GetMapping("/edit/{id}")
    public String showEditForm(@PathVariable Long id,
                               Model model)
    {
        Student student = studentService.getStudentById(id);
        model.addAttribute("student", student);
        return "student/edit";
    }

    @PostMapping("/edit/{id}")
    public String
    editStudent(@PathVariable Long id,
                @ModelAttribute("student") Student student)
    {
        studentService.saveStudent(student);
        return "redirect:/students";
    }

    @GetMapping("/delete/{id}")
    public String deleteStudent(@PathVariable Long id)
    {
        studentService.deleteStudent(id);
        return "redirect:/students";
    }
}

Step 8: Create a html files for UI interaction – add.html,edit.html,list.html

HTML

<!-- add.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/styles.css">
    <title>Add Student</title>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <center>
    <h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
    </center>

    <h2>Add Student</h2>

    <form th:action="@{/students/add}" th:object="${student}" method="post">
        <label for="name">Name:</label>
        <input type="text" id="name" name="name" th:field="*{name}" required>

        <label for="age">Age:</label>
        <input type="number" id="age" name="age" th:field="*{age}" required>
        <label for="age">Enrolled Course:</label>
        <input type="text" id="enrolledcourse" name="enrolledcourse" th:field="*{enrolledcourse}" required>

        <button type="submit">Save</button>
    </form>

<br>
<br>
    <a href="/students">Back to List</a>

</div>

</body>
</html>

HTML

<!-- list.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/styles.css">
    <title>Student Management System</title>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <center>
    <h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
    </center>


    <h2>Student List</h2>

    <table>
        <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Age</th>
            <th>Enrolled Course</th>
            <th>Edit</th>
            <th>Delete</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
        <tr th:each="student : ${students}">
            <td th:text="${student.id}"></td>
            <td th:text="${student.name}"></td>
            <td th:text="${student.age}"></td>
            <td th:text="${student.enrolledcourse}"></td>
            <td><a th:href="@{/students/edit/{id}(id=${student.id})}">Edit</a></td>
            <td><a th:href="@{/students/delete/{id}(id=${student.id})}">Delete</a></td>
        </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>

    <a href="/students/add">Add Student</a>

</div>

</body>
</html>

HTML

<!-- edit.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/styles.css">
    <title>Edit Student</title>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">
    <center>
    <h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
    </center>

    <h2>Edit Student</h2>

    <form th:action="@{/students/edit/{id}(id=${student.id})}" th:object="${student}" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" th:field="*{id}">

        <label for="name">Name:</label>
        <input type="text" id="name" name="name" th:field="*{name}" required>

        <label for="age">Age:</label>
        <input type="number" id="age" name="age" th:field="*{age}" required>

        <label for="age">Enrolled Course:</label>
        <input type="text" id="enrolledcourse" name="enrolledcourse" th:field="*{enrolledcourse}" required>

        <button type="submit">Save</button>
    </form>

    <a href="/students">Back to List</a>

</div>

</body>
</html>

Step 9: Create styles.css file for interactive UI Design -styles.css

CSS

/* styles.css */

body {
    font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
    margin: 20px;
}

.container {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 20px auto;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 8px;
}
h1{
    color:#45a049 ;
}

h2 {
    color: #333;
}

form {
    margin-top: 20px;
}

label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

button {
    background-color: #4caf50;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
}

button:hover {
    background-color: #45a049;
}

table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

table, th, td {
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
}

th, td {
    padding: 12px;
    text-align: left;
}

th {
    background-color: #4caf50;
    color: #fff;
}

Steps to Run and Test Project

Now, you can run the Spring Boot application from IDE or by using the command-line tool provided by Spring Boot.

mvn spring-boot:run

Demo of Spring MVC and Hibernate CRUD Example