Python – Capitalize repeated characters in a string

Last Updated : 09 Jul, 2021

Given an input string with lowercase letters, the task is to write a python program to identify the repeated characters in the string and capitalize them.

Examples:

Input: programming language
Output: pRoGRAMMiNG lANGuAGe
Explanation: r,m,n,a,g are repeated elements

Input: geeks for geeks
Output: GEEKS for GEEKS
Explanation: g,e,k,s are repeated elements

Approach:

We have to keep the character of a string as a key and the frequency of each character of the string as a value in the dictionary.
Traverse the string and check the frequency of each character using a dictionary if the frequency of the character is greater than one then change the character to the uppercase using the upper() function.

Implementation:

Python3

# function for changing the
# repeated characters to uppercase
def RepeatedUpper(s):
 
    # declaring dictionary
    dic = {}
 
    # Traversing the string
    for i in s:
 
        # If the character is already
        # present in dictionary then increment
        # the frequency of the character
        if i in dic:
            dic[i] = dic[i]+1
 
   # If the character is not present in
   # the dictionary then inserting
   # the character in the dictionary
        else:
            dic[i] = 1
    ans = ''
 
    # traversing the string
    for i in s:
 
        # if the frequency of the character is
        # greater than one
        if dic[i] > 1:
 
            # change into uppercase
            i = i.upper()
 
        # appending each character to the ans
        ans = ans+i
    return ans
 
 
# Driver code
s = 'geeks for geeks'
# fuction call
print(RepeatedUpper(s))

Output:

GEEKS for GEEKS

Time Complexity: O(n)

Space Complexity: O(n)

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