Java Program to Multiply two Matrices of any size

Last Updated : 27 Feb, 2020

Given two matrices A and B of any size, the task to multiply them in Java.

Examples:

Input: A[][] = {{1, 2}, 
                {3, 4}}
       B[][] = {{1, 1}, 
                {1, 1}}
Output: {{3, 3}, 
         {7, 7}}

Input: A[][] = {{2, 4}, 
                {3, 4}}
       B[][] = {{1, 2}, 
                {1, 3}}       
Output: {{6, 16}, 
         {7, 18}}

Approach:

Take the two matrices to be multiplied
Check if the two matrices are compatible to be multiplied
Create a new Matrix to store the product of the two matrices
Traverse each element of the two matrices and multiply them. Store this product in the new matrix at the corresponding index.
Print the final product matrix

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

// Java program to multiply two square matrices. 
  
import java.io.*; 
  
class GFG { 
  
    // Function to print Matrix 
    static void printMatrix(int M[][], 
                            int rowSize, 
                            int colSize) 
    { 
        for (int i = 0; i < rowSize; i++) { 
            for (int j = 0; j < colSize; j++) 
                System.out.print(M[i][j] + " "); 
  
            System.out.println(); 
        } 
    } 
  
    // Function to multiply 
    // two matrices A[][] and B[][] 
    static void multiplyMatrix( 
        int row1, int col1, int A[][], 
        int row2, int col2, int B[][]) 
    { 
        int i, j, k; 
  
        // Print the matrices A and B 
        System.out.println("\nMatrix A:"); 
        printMatrix(A, row1, col1); 
        System.out.println("\nMatrix B:"); 
        printMatrix(B, row2, col2); 
  
        // Check if multiplication is Possible 
        if (row2 != col1) { 
  
            System.out.println( 
                "\nMultiplication Not Possible"); 
            return; 
        } 
  
        // Matrix to store the result 
        // The product matrix will 
        // be of size row1 x col2 
        int C[][] = new int[row1][col2]; 
  
        // Multiply the two marices 
        for (i = 0; i < row1; i++) { 
            for (j = 0; j < col2; j++) { 
                for (k = 0; k < row2; k++) 
                    C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j]; 
            } 
        } 
  
        // Print the result 
        System.out.println("\nResultant Matrix:"); 
        printMatrix(C, row1, col2); 
    } 
  
    // Driver code 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
  
        int row1 = 4, col1 = 3, row2 = 3, col2 = 4; 
  
        int A[][] = { { 1, 1, 1 }, 
                      { 2, 2, 2 }, 
                      { 3, 3, 3 }, 
                      { 4, 4, 4 } }; 
  
        int B[][] = { { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, 
                      { 2, 2, 2, 2 }, 
                      { 3, 3, 3, 3 } }; 
  
        multiplyMatrix(row1, col1, A, 
                       row2, col2, B); 
    } 
} 

Output:

Matrix A:
1 1 1 
2 2 2 
3 3 3 
4 4 4 

Matrix B:
1 1 1 1 
2 2 2 2 
3 3 3 3 

Resultant Matrix:
6 6 6 6 
12 12 12 12 
18 18 18 18 
24 24 24 24

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